EU CBRN Centres of Excellence Initiative Round-table on WMD and Dual-use Expertise/knowledge redirection and Prevention Kyiv, 18 April 2013 Ms. Fanny FERT UNICRI – EU CBRN CoE regional Coordinator for Central Asia

Centres of Excellence (CoE) CBRN CoE EU Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Risk Mitigation Centres of Excellence (CoE) An initiative funded by the European Union 100 Million Euros European Union The EU CBRN Centres of Excellence is an initiative funded by the Europen Union…

The Initiative is jointly implemented by: Bodies involved The Initiative is jointly implemented by: The Initiative is implemented jointly by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC) and the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI), and is under the aegis of European Commission’s Directorate General for Development and Cooperation - EuropeAid (DG DEVCO) and the European External Action Service (EEAS). The EU CBRN Centres of Excellence Initiative is developed with the technical support of relevant International/Regional Organizations, the EU Member States and other stakeholders, through coherent and effective cooperation at national, regional and international level.

CBRN Risk Mitigation The Initiative addresses the mitigation of and preparedness against risks related to CBRN material and agents by promoting a comprehensive approach. Origin of the risk Criminal (proliferation, theft, sabotage and illicit trafficking), Accidental (industrial catastrophes, in particular chemical or nuclear, waste treatment, transport), Natural (mainly pandemics). The Initiative addresses the mitigation of and preparedness against risks related to CBRN material and agents. The origin of these risks can be criminal (proliferation, theft, sabotage and illicit trafficking), accidental (industrial catastrophes, in particular chemical or nuclear, waste treatment and transport) or natural (mainly pandemics but also be the consequence of natural hazards on CBRN material and facilities). The CBRN CoE Initiative seeks to boost cooperation at national, regional and international levels, and to develop a common and coherent CBRN risk mitigation policy at national and regional level. Risk mitigation comprises prevention, preparedness and post-crisis management .    I suggest this in order to avoid an excessive focus on crisis management “only”, but to also spell it out as an intrinsic part of the approach. This would need to be understood, approved and supported at all EU strategic levels.

Regions The CBRN CoE network is currently present in more than 60 partner countries and structured in 8 Regional Secretariats: - African Atlantic Façade; - Central Asia; - Eastern and Central Africa; - Gulf Cooperation Council Countries; - Middle East; - North Africa; - South East Asia; and - South East Europe, Southern Caucasus, Moldova and Ukraine. The CBRN CoE network is currently present in more than 60 partner countries across the globe, grouped around 8 CBRN CoE Regional Secretariats, namely:   - African Atlantic Façade - Central Asia - Eastern and Central Africa - Gulf Cooperation Council Countries - Middle East - North Africa - South East Asia - South East Europe, Southern Caucasus, Moldova and Ukraine 5

Objectives To create a framework for cooperation and coordination at national, regional and international level. To facilitate regional cooperation in order to enhance CBRN policies and capabilities. Lack of coordination and preparedness related to CBRN risks at national level and fragmentation of responsibilities within a region can have dramatic consequences. This is why the European Union is setting up a framework for cooperation and coordination amongst all levels of government and international partners. This Initiative is mirroring the European Union CBRN Action Plan implemented inside the EU. The main objective of the EU CBRN CoE Initiative is to facilitate regional cooperation in order to enhance CBRN capabilities.

Methodology These activities will support partner countries in the implementation of the CoE methodology to:   Carry out a Needs Assessment at national level. Develop a comprehensive CBRN National Action Plan. Identify and implement targeted projects of regional concern to address the needs. Promote the use of CBRN national, regional and international capabilities for the implementation of projects. These activities will support partner countries in the implementation of the CoE methodology to:   Perform a Needs Assessment at national level Develop a comprehensive CBRN National Action Plan Analyse needs and gaps at regional level Identify and implement targeted projects of regional concern to address the needs (e.g., training, procedures, workshops, equipment); Promote the use of CBRN national, regional and international capabilities for the implementation of projects 7

The CoE network Create a network Overall coordination and decision-making The CBRN CoE Initiative is implemented jointly by JRC and UNICRI, under the aegis of the European Commission’s DG DEVCO, which is the overall Initiative's decision-making body, and the Policy Division of the European External Action Service (EEAS ). The selection of projects is done by the EU Commission (DG DEVCO) on the basis of the funds available in IfS Programme, the priorities, comments and recommendations of the Policy Division of the EEAS and of the EU Member States. Coordination with International Organizations and other donors is also finalized at this stage. Specific working groups (Border Monitoring WG, Export Control of dual use goods WG, Bio/Chemical WG and Engagement of scientists WG also contribute to the overall mechanism for selection .   National coordination  Each partner country appoints a National Focal Point (NFP) for the CoE CBRN Initiative. Once appointed, the NFP supports the creation of a CBRN National Team which is composed of representatives from ministries, national agencies and institutions representing relevant communities involved in CBRN risk mitigation, e.g., police, judges, officers with technical and academic background, law enforcers, first responders, civil society, intelligence, and diplomats. The CBRN National Team is one of the pillars of the Initiative as it is tasked with assessing country needs, formulating project proposals and promoting the coordination of CBRN policy amongst relevant institutions at national level, and participates in the development of projects. Regional coordination Within the CBRN CoE structure, Regional Secretariats operate within each of the CBRN CoE regions, developing and ensuring a high level of cooperation and coordination between partner countries, other donors and international organizations. At regional level, the Secretariats  are coordinating the CoE activities at the regional level, liaising with the NFP and National Teams. They are responsible of the regional dimension of projects and are facilitating the implementation of CoE projects in the region. The Regional Secretariats are composed of a Head, a Deputy Head , a Regional Coordinator, an assistant and CBRN experts seconded to the secretariat . The Head of Secretariat is nominated by the Authorities of the hosting country. The Deputy Head comes from another country, which could consider being the next hosting country. When the Secretariat has been operated for three years by the same country, another country of the region can request for hosting the Secretariat (rotating process). Coordinator and assistant are UNICRI staff. CBRN experts are seconded by their respective countries according to the matters to be discussed within the Secretariat. Coordination and cooperation with international and regional Organizations The CBRN CoE Initiative works with many International and Regional bodies,  such as, but not exhaustively, the IAEA, the OPCW, UNODA, BWC-ISU, the WHO, INTERPOL, EUROPOL, the UN SC 1540 Committee, the Arab League, the African Union, ASEAN; each contributing with its own unique support according to its mandate. Coordination and cooperation with other donors The CBRN CoE Initiative works with other donors (e.g., the US, Japan, Australia) in order to avoid duplication and to find synergies with other international bodies (e.g., G8 Global Partnership). Involvement of the European Union Member States, EU Delegations and the EU institutions Involvement of the EU Member States, relevant European Commission services and EU Delegations will continue to be a key element for the programming and implementation of projects. Points of Contact have been officially appointed  within each EU Member State for matters related to the CBRN CoE Initiative  . Member States are expected to play a key implementing role in the establishment of networks in the regions, boosting the Initiative. Member States public and private actors will implement the selected actions in partner countries/regions. Outside the EU, Delegations are the Initiative’s EU flagship. They may engage with the implementing actors or partner countries, and channel information about the Initiative in the country/region. EEAS and DEVCO guarantee the Initiative’s coherence with the overall EU strategy.  This raises a number of questions for the reader and maintains the COE as an opaque initiative on the EU side of things. It would be useful to have a clearer role depiction for each of the institutions mentioned here, and the “Decision Making Body”. Who does what? Division of tasks? Responsibilities? Reporting to whom? Spending what? How are decisions made in the “Body”? If you want to say DEVCO is decision-maker (in cooperation….), I think it is simpler to say it. Otherwise you introduce confusion, and it seems that the Body is something else.  Hope it is clear now  I moved National aspects in first place  A REG SEC is not defining proposals  Deputy Head is not optional  It might be useful to develop this paragraph and give more information on the tasks and responsibilities, as well as the functioning of the RS. For example, indicate that the R Coordinator is a member of UNICRI, and the process to appoint Head and Deputy Head. You also need to foresee answers for potential questions from the region partners: “can we also hold the Secretariat, when, how?” “can my country belong to two COE regions?”. Page: 1   They do not all have this status  If this is the case, it would be good that the information is circulated and updated for all actors (through DEVCO/EEAS). It could be included in the COE portal so that it is accessible.   Again, you are giving too little information on the side of EU actors. You could add, for example (from Bril’s document)… Member States are expected to play a key implementing role in the establishment of networks in the regions, boosting the Initiative. Member States public and private actors may also play a role in the proposals and projects to be implemented in partner countries/regions. In third countries, Delegations are the Initiative’s EU flagship. They may engage with the implementing actors from UNICRI or partner countries, and channel information about the Initiative in the country/region and also back to the EEAS and Member States. EEAS and DEVCO guarantee the Initiative’s coherence with the overall EU strategy.  This is the case – the list could be made available on the portal 8

Deputy Head of Secretariat Administrative Support The Regional Secretariat Head of Secretariat Appointed by partner country Deputy Head of Secretariat Appointed by partner country Regional Coordinator Administrative Support UNICRI full time available Regional CBRN Experts part time in the secretariat, part time on missions with EU-JRC-UNICRI experts Appointed by partner countries The Regional Secretariat is composed of the Head of the Secretariat, appointed by the hosting country. The Deputy Head of the Secretariat, appointed by another partner country in the region. Two UNICRI staff that is the Regional Coordinator and and Administrative assistant. CBRN experts appointed by partner countries in the region and to be hosted in the Secretariats when required.

The CBRN National Team Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Defense Ministry of Interior NATIONAL FOCAL POINT Police Customs Any other relevant Institution Intelligence Service Each partner country should nominate a National Focal Point (NFP) who will be the main contact point for the initiative in the country. One of his responsabilities is to help in creating the CBRN National Team (NT).The NT is composed of representatives of relevant national agencies and institutions appointed by the partner country. The NFP is the representative of the NT and coordinates CoE activities at the country level. There is one NT per partner country. The NT is the key player of the initiative, assessing the countries’ needs and promoting the coordination of CBRN policy among the relevant institutions at national level. Ministry of Health

Participation of EU Member States, EU Delegations and EU Institutions International and Regional Organisations Coordination and cooperation with International and Regional Organisations Participation of EU Member States, EU Delegations and EU Institutions The EU CBRN Centres of Excellence Initiative is developed with the technical support of relevant International/Regional Organizations, the EU Member States and other stakeholders, through coherent and effective cooperation at national, regional and international level.

Cycle of activities Here you can see the different steps of the cycle of activities. 1st the needs assessment established by the

Country Benefits Reinforcement of National CBRN policy. Membership of a CBRN network of experts. Enhancing coordination and integration through the establishment of National CBRN Teams. Needs addressed through specific projects. Maximize existing capacities in the region.

The Tbilisi RS Responsible for 10 countries (Albania, Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, FYROM, Georgia, Moldova, Montenegro, Serbia, Ukraine; Located within the premises of the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs; UNICRI Regional Coordinator: Francesco Miorin (miorin@unicri.it).

The Tbilisi RS: Key achievements NATIONAL CBRN TEAMS (NTs): NTs established in 8 partner countries Over 120 governmental officers/scientific experts involved NTs endorsed by top-level decision makers at the national level (established through decrees and orders of Prime Ministers, Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Ministers of Interior); Over 15 workshops in support of the NTs performed by CoE experts

The Tbilisi RS: Key achievements CBRN PROJECT PROPOSALS: Over 40 projects proposals prepared by countries in the region and submitted to the EC for funding; Frequent interactions between National Focal Points of the partner countries in the preparation of project proposals; Project ideas for your country? Contact your National Focal Point or Francesco Miorin (miorin@unicri.it).

The Tbilisi RS: Key achievements CoE APPROVED PROJECTS: Ten (10) project proposals submitted by countries have been approved by the European Commission; Projects focus on training, provision of equipment and knowledge development; Thematic areas: border control, bio-safety and bio-security, CBRN first response, CBRN risk assessment, information management and data exchange on CBRN material; Implementation started on 1 January 2013

Projects and implementing agencies IPO - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego (Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry), Poland Identification and strengthening of forensic capacities in the area of prevention of organized crime and illicit trafficking of chemical agents, including training and equipment for frontline customs officers Project 02 UMU - The European CBRNE Centre at Umeå University, Sweden. Building capacity to identify and respond to threats from CBRN substances Project 03 ICIS - Insubria Center on International Security, Italy Knowledge development and transfer of best practice on bio-safety/bio-security/bio-risk management Project 04 NCTV - National Coordinator for Counterterrorism and Security, Netherlands Knowledge development and transfer of best practice on inter-agency CBRN response Project 07 FEI - France Expertise Internationale Guidelines, procedures and standardisation on bio-safety/bio-security Project 10 James Martin CNS - The President and Fellows of Middelbury College, the James Martin Center for Non-Proliferation Studies, USA Development of e-learning courses for CBRN risk mitigation Project 11 NCTV - National Coordinator for Counterterrorism and Security, Ministry of Security and Justice, Netherlands Promoting good practice and inter-agency procedures for assessing the risks of CBRN misuse Project 18 LNCV - Landau Network-Centro Volta, Italy International network of universities and institutes for raising awareness on dual-use concerns in bio-technology

The CoE public website www.cbrn-coe.eu       19

Thank you for your attention Ms. Fanny FERT CBRN Risk Mitigation and Security Governance Programme UNICRI fert@unicri.it miorin@unicri.it Thank you for your attention