Food Waste Sunny Lee

Why Should We Pay Attention to Food Waste? Increasing global urban population (GUP) Increase of urban food waste (UFW) *From , the GUP has increased from 0.8 billion to 2.9, and will reach 5 bullion by 2030 adds pressure to already over-loaded landfill sites

The Waste in Korea... 30% of Korea’s urban garbage is composed of food waste Korea creates 11,397 tons of food residual, which is equivalent to 2849 of 4 ton trucks. Composition: Vegetable(46%) > Grain (22%) Meat & Fish(16%) > Fruits (16%) Source: Source: households(53%) > restaurants (47%)

Problems of Burying Waste WasteWaste Landfill s IncinerationIncineration *Hard to find the right land *Expensive to take care of it afterwards *Produces large amounts of methane and carbon dioxide *Hard to find the right land *Expensive to take care of it afterwards *Produces large amounts of methane and carbon dioxide *S *Since most food wastes are soggy, they decrease incineration efficiency Especially Methane is greenhouse gas with 100 years of global warming potential

Solution? Food contains a high degree of organic matters and nutrients. Thus, food waste can be reused as organic resources in the forms of animal feed and compost Simply reduce food leftovers

Nutrient Content of Food Wastes

Methods of Recycling Wet Fodder Dry Fodder Composting Rubredoxin Incineration Use of worms and mushrooms

Comparison of Methods

Obstacles of Recycling Food Waste in Korea There is a high salt content High Price: The average price of commercial compost in Korea is about US$2.00 for a 20-kg package, which is 20 times higher than that of chemical fertilizer. There is a general perception that all trash go to incinerators or landfills Farms have refused to accept recycled fertilizers and feed materials, even though the government provides these items to farmers for free. Consequently, many of the recycled fertilizers and feed materials end up in landfills.

Reduces the mass and volume transported to the landfill, and increases its life Composting has been a trend since mid 1980s and food and restuarant waste composting is increasing Composting of food waste in city itself reduces the transportation cost of MSW management Largely windrow-based technologies, in-vessel technologies are being used Composting in General

Composting Heat + Carbon Dioxide + Water Vapor into air Minerals and organic Materials at the same time... reusable soil amendment * *Main Factors: moisture, temperature, pH, intitial recipe C/N (carbon to nitrogen ratio) ration and oxygen

More about in-vessel technology Process Can be fully controlled Odor can be collected and treated before discharging in to atmosphere Bulking Agents wood chips, saw dust, peat moss

Problems of Composting in General The composting facilites should be compact The food waste needs to be mixed to a readily available bulking agent to reduce its moisture content, but this bulking agent may not be ready Cooperation of the community is needed The odors and leachate require special attention

Composting In Korea 113 places that recycle food waste into fodder 96 places that compost food waste 90% of the food waste is handled here 89.7% of the waste water created in the process recycling food waste is created here

More about Composting - By-product Fertilizer Raw Material By-products from fisheries, agriculture, food waste, and so on Official Standards Organic Matter: >20% Harmful Materials: below permitted levels of six kinds of heavy material Moisture Content 40-50% Maturity Compost needed

Worms! There are only three centers that raise worms for food waste only 0.42 of the waste water is created here, which is the least among all other places handling food waste Since worms help natural decomposition and creation of subsequent product ( 부변토 ), this method is the most nature-friendly. However, the study of the usage of worms is limited for now [ 출처 ] 음식물쓰레기 재활용해야 인류가 산다 - 에코저 널기고 - 종합환경연구소 이승호 | 작성자 이승호

Food Waste Management in Canada Western Canada (BC- AB-SK-MB) 98 facilities (43% of total) 867,761 tonnes (22% of total) Ontario 60 facilities (26% of total) 681,089 tonnes (17% of total) Quebec 29 facilities (13% of total) 1,004,970 tonnes (26% of total) Atlantic Canada (NB- PE-NS-NF) 40 facilities (18% of total) 1,393,363 tonnes (35% of total) Facilities

How is it in Canada? The Canadian composting industry is continuing to grow stronger. There is a strong presence of residential backyard composting programs, and they are proving their value for effective and efficient management of organic residuals. On a biannual basis, The Composting Council of Canada conducts a survey of centralized composting operations in Canada. providing a viable alternative to landfills for organic materials as well as producing products of value and interest to a variety of markets.

Worm Composting in Canada Worm composting is relatively new in Canada too -> They currently sell Red Wiggler Worms (Eisenia fetida) for worm composting, fishing and live food. Canada is also recognizing the benefits of organic decomposition

So... Food waste is causing great problems around the world Many countries are using composting nowadays Still...reducing food waste is the most effective way...so eat your FOOD!

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