Paper 1 – Move to Global War

Paper 1 – Move to Global War

Lesson 3a – German Foreign Policy (1933~38) Leave space for 2 lessons Essential Question Examine the ways in which Hitler challenged the postwar settlement until the end of 1937 Learning Outcomes - Students will: Preview – Nazi ideology &foreign policy? Understand the international context before Hitler Learn about the changes Hitler made to German foreign policy Success Criteria I can discuss why Hitler was successful pre-1937

Review Why did Hitler come into power? Factors outside of Hitler’s control? Factor’s within his control? According to Nazi Ideology, what are the foreign policy goals? What do they hate? How will they solve this problem? Do you think they will accept the current situation or attempt to change it? Why?

Vocab Konstantin von Neurath Stresa Front Rome-Berlin Axis Anti-Comintern Pact

Reading 2 Lessons SL & HL – Pg. 141-155 (Move to Global War) HL – Pg. 17~38 (Interwar Years) Make sure you are adding to Notes Essential Question IB Math Notes only = max 5 Textbook only = max 5 Notes + Textbook = 6~7

The world is changing already Context – early 1930s All these occur before Hitler arrives Depression Japanese aggression in Asia WW1 memory is still fresh Weakness of the League of Nations Rethinking Versailles 1929~30 - France and Britain had evacuated the Rhineland 1932 – Lausanne Conference almost ended reparations The world is changing already

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals Hitler kept the Conservative Foreign Minister Konstantin von Neurath Ease European concerns about Hitler At first, Hitler is more concerned about consolidating his own power in Germany Foreign Policy Goal – Undue Versailles & avoid isolation Isolate France 1933 - Germany withdraws from the World Disarmament Conference over French refusal to allow German rearmament 1934 – 10 Year non-aggression pact with Poland, which undermined earlier defensive agreements France made in 1921 to keep the Germans busy in the East How do you think Britain responded?

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals Why didn’t the US do anything? Isolate France Grow the military 3 Feb 1933 – Hitler informs the German military that his goal is to make Germany the strongest military by 1936 1935 – reintroduces conscription and re- introduces a German airforce June 1935 – Britain and Germany sign a naval agreement allowing Germany to build a navy no more than 35% the size of the British navy 1936 – Hitler reoccupies the Rhineland, which was against the T of V and Locarno Treaty Correctly believed that Britain and France would do nothing

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals Isolate France Grow the military Break up the Stresa Front What was the Stesa Front? 1935 – France and Britain condemn Mussolini’s invasion of Abyssinia, while German supports him 1936 – Germany and Italy work together to send troops to aid in the Spanish civil war Franco agrees to provide raw materials for Hitler The German military practiced tactics Seen as a defender against communism Nov 1936 – Rome-Berlin Axis Hitler needed Mussolini’s support for annexing Austria With Mussolini’s intervention in Spain, Mussolini had further isolated himself from Britain and France 1936~7 – Anti-Comintern Pact

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals Goal: Undue Versailles & avoid Isolation How successful has Hitler been? Why do you think he was so successful? Could he have been stopped? Why wasn’t he? Compared with 1933, what is Germany’s status within Europe?

Lesson 3b – German Foreign Policy (1933~38) Leave space for 2 lessons Essential Question Examine the ways in which Hitler challenged the postwar settlement until the end of 1937 Learning Outcomes - Students will: Review – Hitler’s successes Discuss the Hossbach Memorandum Success Criteria I can explain how to answer my essential question

Review How successful has Hitler been with his foreign policy goals? What lesson has Hitler learned from British and French inaction?

Vocab Hossbach Memorandum

Reading 2 Lessons SL & HL – Pg. 141-155 (Move to Global War) HL – Pg. 17~38 (Interwar Years) Make sure you are adding to Notes Essential Question IB Math Notes only = max 5 Textbook only = max 5 Notes + Textbook = 6~7

Hossbach Memorandum Nov. 5, 1937 – Hitler holds a meeting with his top military generals and ministers Hitler outlines his goal for German foreign policy “Germany's future was therefore wholly conditional upon the solving of the need for space” “The question for Germany ran: where could she achieve the greatest gain at the lowest cost?” According to this, what is the goal for German Foreign Policy? According to this, how will German achieve this goal?

Hossbach Memorandum Hitler outlines his goal for German foreign policy Case 1: Period 1943-1945 “After this date only a change for the worse, from our point of view, could be expected.” Case 2 “If internal strife in France should develop into such a domestic crisis as to absorb the French Army completely and render it incapable of use for war against Germany, then the time for action against the Czechs had come.” For the improvement of our politico-military position our first objective, in the event of our being embroiled in war, must be to overthrow Czechoslovakia and Austria simultaneously in order to remove the threat to our flank in any possible operation against the west. According to this, when will war have to take place and end? According to this, who should Germany attack? Why should they attack Czechoslovakia?

Hossbach Memorandum How might the world respond? Britain France Actually, the Führer believed that almost certainly Britain, and probably France as well, had already tacitly written off the Czechs and were reconciled to the fact that this question would be cleared up in due course by Germany. Difficulties connected with the Empire, and the prospect of being once more entangled in a protracted European war, were decisive considerations for Britain against participation in a war against Germany. France An attack by France without British support, and with the prospect of the offensive being brought to a standstill on our western fortifications, was hardly probable. Nor was a French march through Belgium and Holland without British support to be expected; Is this accurate? What event after might show this? Why wouldn’t Britain stop Germany? Why wouldn’t France stop Germany?

Hossbach Memorandum How might the world respond? Italy Russia Italy was not expected to object to the elimination of the Czechs, but it was impossible at the moment to estimate what her attitude on the Austrian question would be; that depended essentially upon whether the Duce were still alive. Russia Military intervention by Russia must be countered by the swiftness of our operations; however, whether such an intervention was a practical contingency at all was, in view of Japan's attitude, more than doubtful. What was Italy’s concern? What event shows this to be true? What does Hitler not want to happen with Russia?

Pre-1937 Foreign Policy Goals Essential Question Examine the ways in which Hitler challenged the postwar settlement until the end of 1937 What questions does this ask you to answer? How could you challenge this question? Hint: Continuity