Human Anatomy & Physiology FIFTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Vince Austin Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 5 – The Skeletal System
Advertisements

Part B Bone Structure. Bones Bones are organs!Bones are organs! –Contains various types of tissues Osseous tissue (dominates) Nervous tissue Cartilage.
Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Part A
The Skeletal System- Osseous Tissue & Skeletal Structure Chapter 5
Structure of Bone Gross Anatomy of a Long Bone Microscopic Anatomy
Classification of Bones: by Shape 12/14 Long bones – Longer than wide (i.e. humerus, femur) Short bones – Cube-shaped bones (i.e. wrist and ankle) – Bones.
Osseous Tissue. Function of Bone  Support  Mineral storage  Protection  Leverage  Blood cell production –erythropoietin.
The Skeletal System Parts of the skeletal system
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
Function of Bones – form the framework that supports the body and cradles soft organs – provide a protective case for the brain, spinal cord, and vital.
Bones and Skeletal Tissues Exercise 9
The Skeletal System.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
The Skeletal System: An organ system composed primarily of a variety of connective tissues. Bone makes up most of the skeleton system, but also includes.
Bones and Skeletal Tissues Part A
Bone Tissue Composition Chapter 6. Bone Textures Compact bone – Dense _______________ layer Spongy (cancellous) bone – Honeycomb of trabeculae found at.
Chap 6 Bones & Skeletal Tissue Learning Objectives: 1.Compare & contrast the structure of the 4 bone classes and provide examples of each class. 2. Explain.
Skeletal System Mr. Diaz VMHS Lecture 1. The Skeletal System ► Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints ► Cartilages  Ligaments ► Divided.
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology, Sixth Edition Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture.
Bones and Skeletal Tissue
Skeletal Cartilage Contains no blood vessels or nerves Contains no blood vessels or nerves Surrounded by the perichondrium (dense irregular connective.
The Skeletal System.
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slides 5.1 – 5.15 Seventh Edition Elaine.
The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Divided into two divisions  Axial skeleton –
The Skeletal System. Slide 5.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)
Chapter #6: Bones and Skeletal Tissues. Skeletal Cartilages  Found in adults where flexible skeletal tissue is needed  Contains no blood vessels or.
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology, Sixth Edition Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture.
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology Fifth edition Seeley, Stephens and Tate Slide 2.1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 5 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Part A
 Support – form the internal framework that support and anchor our organs and let us stand upright  Protection – Keeps organs from being damaged (like.
7 Skeletal System A. Skeletal Cartilages  Contain no blood vessels or nerves  Dense connective tissue girdle of perichondrium contains blood vessels.
Chapter 6: Skeletal System. Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System. The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Divided into.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Diaphysis  Shaft  Composed of compact bone  Epiphysis  Ends of the bone.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 5 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
DIGGIN’ UP BONES CHAPTER 5. The Skeletal System Divided into two divisions Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton.
Introduction to the Skeletal System. Major Functions Support Protection Movement Storage (Minerals- Calcium, Phosphate) Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 5 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
The Skeletal System  Parts of the skeletal system  Bones (skeleton)  Joints  Cartilages  Ligaments  Divided into two divisions  Axial skeleton.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
Skeletal System: Day Two Long Bone Anatomy, Microscopic Anatomy, Bone Composition, and Joint Anatomy.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology, Sixth Edition Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture.
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology SEVENTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb Katja Hoehn PowerPoint.
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology SEVENTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb Katja Hoehn PowerPoint.
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology SEVENTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb Katja Hoehn PowerPoint.
Bone Tissue Composition
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology SEVENTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb Katja Hoehn PowerPoint.
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Human Anatomy & Physiology SEVENTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb Katja Hoehn PowerPoint.
Bones and Skeletal Tissues P A R T A. Skeletal Cartilage No blood vessels or nerves Surrounded by perichondrium that resists outward expansion Three types.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
The Skeletal System.  Compact bone – dense outer layer  Spongy bone – honeycomb of trabeculae filled with yellow bone marrow Types of Bone.
Bones and Skeletal Tissues Part A
Skeletal Cartilage Contains no blood vessels or nerves
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System
Bones and Skeletal Tissues
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System
Skeletal System FUNCTIONS OF SKELETON Support of trunk and skull
Skeletal System Microanatomy
The Skeletal System- Osseous Tissue & Skeletal Structure Chapter 5
The Skeletal System – Chapter 5
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System
Classification of Bones
The Skeletal System Parts of the skeletal system
Chapter 5 The Skeletal System
Chapter 7 Skeletal system.
Chapter 7 Skeletal system.
Presentation transcript:

Human Anatomy & Physiology FIFTH EDITION Elaine N. Marieb PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Vince Austin Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Chapter 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissue Part B

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Structure of Long Bone Diaphysis Tubular shaft that forms the axis of long bones Composed of compact bone that surrounds the medullary cavity Yellow bone marrow (fat) is contained in the medullary cavity

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Structure of Long Bone Epiphyses Expanded ends of long bones Exterior is compact bone, and the interior is spongy bone Joint surface is covered with articular (hyaline) cartilage Epiphyseal line separates the diaphysis from the epiphyses

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Structure of Long Bone Figure 6.3a,b

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bone Membranes Periosteum – double-layered protective membrane Outer fibrous layer is dense regular CT Inner osteogenic layer is composed of osteoblasts and osteoclasts Richly supplied with nerve fibers, blood, and lymphatic vessels, which enter the bone via nutrient foramina Secured to underlying bone by Sharpey’s fibers Endosteum – delicate membrane covering internal surfaces of bone

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Structure of Long Bone Figure 6.3a, c

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Structure of Short, Irregular, and Flat Bones Thin plates of periosteum-covered compact bone on the outside with endosteum-covered spongy bone (diploë) on the inside Have no diaphysis or epiphyses Contain bone marrow between the trabeculae Figure 6.4

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Location of Hematopoietic Tissue (Red Marrow) In infants Found in the medullary cavity and all areas of spongy bone In adults Found in the diploë of flat bones, and the head of the femur and humerus

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Microscopic Structure of Bone: Compact Bone Haversian system, or osteon – the structural unit of compact bone Lamella – weight-bearing, column-like matrix tubes composed mainly of collagen Haversian, or central canal – central channel containing blood vessels and nerves Volkmann’s canals – channels lying at right angles to the central canal, connecting blood and nerve supply of the periosteum to that of the Haversian canal

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Microscopic Structure of Bone: Compact Bone Osteocytes – mature bone cells Lacunae – small cavities in bone that contain osteocytes Canaliculi – hairlike canals that connect lacunae to each other and the central canal

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Microscopic Structure of Bone: Compact Bone Figure 6.5a, b

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Chemical Composition of Bone: Organic Osteoblasts – bone-forming cells Osteocytes – mature bone cells Osteoclasts – large cells that resorb or break down bone matrix Osteoid – unmineralized bone matrix composed of proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and collagen

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Chemical Composition of Bone: Inorganic Hydroxyapatites, or mineral salts Sixty-five percent of bone by mass Mainly calcium phosphates Responsible for bone hardness and its resistance to compression

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bone Markings Bulges, depressions, and holes that serve as: Sites of attachment for muscles, ligaments, and tendons Joint surfaces Conduits for blood vessels and nerves

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Tuberosity – rounded projection Crest – narrow, prominent ridge of bone Trochanter – large, blunt, irregular surface Line – narrow ridge of bone Bone Markings: Projections – Sites of Muscle and Ligament Attachment

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Tubercle – small rounded projection Epicondyle – raised area above a condyle Spine – sharp, slender projection Process – any bony prominence Bone Markings: Projections – Sites of Muscle and Ligament Attachment

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Head – bony expansion carried on a narrow neck Facet – smooth, nearly flat articular surface Condyle – rounded articular projection Ramus – armlike bar of bone Bone Markings: Projections That Help to Form Joints

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bone Markings: Depressions and Openings Meatus – canal-like passageway Sinus – cavity within a bone Fossa – shallow, basinlike depression Groove – furrow Fissure – narrow, slitlike opening Foramen – round or oval opening through a bone

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Bone Development Osteogenesis and ossification – the process of bone tissue formation, which leads to: The formation of the bony skeleton in embryos Bone growth until early adulthood Bone thickness, remodeling, and repair

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Formation of the Bony Skeleton Begins at week 8 of embryo development Intramembranous ossification – bone develops from a fibrous membrane Endochondral ossification – bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage