This PowerPoint is one small part of my Matter, Energy and the Environment entire unit that I offer on TpT ($9.99) It is a shipped hard good that I to you once alerted to the purchase from TpT. This unit includes… Five Part 2,865+ Slide PowerPoint 14 Page bundled homework package and 20 pages of units notes that chronologically follow the PowerPoint 3 PowerPoint review games, 29+ Videos, rubrics, games, activity sheets, and more. nit.htmlhttp://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_U nit.html

More Units Available at… Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The River and Water Quality Unit, The Water Molecule Unit. Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, Matter, Energy, and the Environment Unit, and The Science Skills Unit. Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and The Human Body Systems and Health Topics Unit Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

-Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please label. Ice MeltingWater Boiling Vapor Gas TEMPTEMP Heat Added 

RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. –He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise your hand as soon as you see him. –He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow “Hoot, Hoot” “Good Luck!” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Gases and Other Laws. New Area of Focus: Gases and Other Laws. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Charles Law: Volume of a gas increases with temperature. (Gases expand with heat). Charles Law: Volume of a gas increases with temperature. (Gases expand with heat). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The formula for the law is: The formula for the law is:Volume ________ = K Temp Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The formula for the law is: The formula for the law is:Volume ________ = K Temp Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) K is a constant. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) K is a constant. K= The universal constant in the gas equation: pressure times volume = R times temperature; equal to joules per Kelvin per mole. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) K is a constant. K= The universal constant in the gas equation: pressure times volume = R times temperature; equal to joules per Kelvin per mole. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

V is the volume of the gas. T is the temperature of the gas (measured in Kelvin) K is a constant. K= The universal constant in the gas equation: pressure times volume = R times temperature; equal to joules per Kelvin per mole. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

This law means that when the temperature goes up, the volume of the gas goes up.

When the temperature goes down, the vo lu me of the gas decre ases.

Set up of Demonstration. –. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. –Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. –Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. –Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. –Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. –Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. –Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. –Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. –Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. –Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. –Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. –Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. –Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. –Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. –Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. –Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. –Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. –Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. –Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. –Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. –Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of Demonstration. –Blow up two similar balloons so they have the same circumference. –Place balloon in ice water on one side to 500 ml. –Place equal balloon in hot water on one side to 500ml. –Put small block and weight, or use finger to depress balloon under water. –Record difference in volume between the balloons. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Using Charles law, what will happen to the two balloons below? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Set up of demonstration. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions to demonstration. –Sketch the difference between the two. –How does temperature effect the volume of a gas? Think about the gas molecules in each balloon. Use observations to back up your answers. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

When temperatures get colder, you may need to add some more molecules to get the safe PSI for your vehicle. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

You may notice that your sports equipment doesn’t work well when you go out into your garage in the winter. –The air molecules are moving very slowly so the ball is flat. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

You may notice that your sports equipment doesn’t work well when you go out into your garage in the winter. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis. “Hello ladies, I am the Italian savant named Amedo Avogadro.” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Avogadro’s Law / Hypothesis. “Hello ladies, I am the Italian savant named Amedo Avogadro.” –“I would love to show you my gas laws, will you join me?” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Avogadro's Law: Equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of particles, or molecules. Avogadro's Law: Equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of particles, or molecules. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Do not over pump the “Fizz Keeper” or it can shoot-off violently. Please wear safety goggles! Do not over pump the “Fizz Keeper” or it can shoot-off violently. Please wear safety goggles!

Activity! Pressure and Volume –Drop a small tied balloon into a plastic soda bottle. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume –Drop a small tied balloon into a plastic soda bottle. –Cap bottle with the “Fizz Keeper” and pump many times. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume –Drop a small tied balloon into a plastic soda bottle. –Cap bottle with the “Fizz Keeper” and pump many times. –Observe what happens to the balloon during the pressurizing. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Pressure and Volume –Drop a small tied balloon into a plastic soda bottle. –Cap bottle with the “Fizz Keeper” and pump many times. –Observe what happens to the balloon during the pressurizing. –Unscrew cap and observe balloon. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. –What happened to the balloon when pressure was added and then removed? –What is the connection between pressure and volume of a gas? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. –What happened to the balloon when pressure was added and then removed? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. –What happened to the balloon when pressure was added and then removed? –Answer: The balloon got smaller when the pressure was added and then larger when removed. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. –What is the connection between pressure and volume of a gas? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Balloon and Fizz Keeper Questions. –What is the connection between pressure and volume of a gas? –Answer: When pressure was increased, volume of the gas decreased. When pressure was decreased, volume increased. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which container below has the lowest air pressure if the balloons are similar? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which container below has the lowest air pressure if the balloons are similar? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: The one on the right because the volume of the gas in the balloon is more so it must have less pressure acting on it. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The container on the left must have higher air pressure because the air pressure is decreasing the volume of the gas in the balloon. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume are inversely proportional. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume are inversely proportional. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy “I’m Pressure.”

As pressure increases, volume decreases. As pressure increases, volume decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. As volume decreases, pressure increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy “I’m Pressure.” “I’m Volume.”

Very Important! Record in Journal.

Activity! Syringes

Activity! Syringes (Safety Goggles Needed)

Activity! Syringes –Depress plunger on the syringe.

Activity! Syringes –Depress plunger on the syringe. –Cover hole with finger.

Activity! Syringes –Depress plunger on the syringe. –Cover hole with finger. –Try and pull handle (gently please). Why is it difficult? Keep thumb on opening.

Activity! Syringes –Depress plunger on the syringe. –Cover hole with finger. –Try and pull handle (gently please). Why is it difficult? Keep thumb on opening.

Activity! Syringes –Answer: It was difficult because your finger created a sealed vacuum and prevented air from entering the chamber. Keep thumb on opening.

Activity! Syringes –Answer: It was difficult because your finger created a sealed vacuum and prevented air from entering the chamber. Atmospheric pressure is 1 kilogram per square centimeter at sea level. Keep thumb on opening.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite)

–Fill syringe.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) –Fill syringe. –Cover hole with finger.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) –Fill syringe. –Cover hole with finger. –Try and push handle (gently please).

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) –Fill syringe. –Cover hole with finger. –Try and push handle (gently please). How does this represent Boyles Law?

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) How does this represent Boyles Law?

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) How does this represent Boyles Law? Answer: As you depress the plunger, you increase pressure and the volume of the gas is decreased.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) How does this represent Boyles Law? Answer: As you depress the plunger, you increase pressure and the volume of the gas is decreased. Please determine how many milliliters you were able to compress the gas inside using the numbers on the syringe.

Activity! Syringes (Opposite) How does this represent Boyles Law? Answer: As you depress the plunger, you increase pressure and the volume of the gas is decreased. Please determine how many milliliters you were able to compress the gas inside using the numbers on the syringe. Answer: You should be able to compress the gas to about 50% of it’s starting volume by hand and then it gets difficult.

“Can’t wait to eat my yogurt.”

As you inhale, your diaphragm flattens out allowing your chest to expand and allows more air to flow into your lungs.

–Air pressure decrease, air then rushes into your lungs.

As you exhale, your diaphragm relaxes to a normal state. Space in chest decreases.

–Air pressure increases, air then rushes out of your lungs.

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? AB

AB

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? Inhale AB

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? Inhale AB

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? InhaleExhale AB

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? AB AB

AB AB

Inhale AB AB

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? Inhale AB AB

Which is a inhale, and which is a exhale? InhaleExhale AB AB

The Bends (Decompression Sickness) – Bubbles form in blood if you rise to quickly because of the rapid decrease in pressure. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The Bends (Decompression Sickness) – Bubbles form in blood if you rise to quickly because of the rapid decrease in pressure. – A diver must save time to travel to surface slowly so body can adjust. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity – Pressure and temperature. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity – Pressure and temperature. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity – Pressure and temperature. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity – Pressure and temperature. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Activity! Temp and Pressure.

–Record temperature inside bottle with cap off under normal atmospheric pressure.

Activity! Temp and Pressure. –Record temperature inside bottle with cap off under normal atmospheric pressure. –Pump up bottle using “Fizz Keeper” as much as you can until it doesn’t create more pressure.

Activity! Temp and Pressure. –Record temperature inside bottle with cap off under normal atmospheric pressure. –Pump up bottle using “Fizz Keeper” as much as you can until it doesn’t create more pressure. –Record temperature in bottle under pressure.

Activity! Temp and Pressure. –Record temperature inside bottle with cap off under normal atmospheric pressure. –Pump up bottle using “Fizz Keeper” as much as you can until it doesn’t create more pressure. –Record temperature in bottle under pressure. –Observe the temperature as you unscrew the cap.

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” –What was the temperature change? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” –What was the temperature change? –How are pressure and temperature related? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” –What was the temperature change? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” –What was the temperature change? –The temperature increased a few degrees with increased pressure. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” –How are pressure and temperature related? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Questions for the “Fizz Keeper Activity” –How are pressure and temperature related? –They are inversely proportional. When one goes up, the other goes down. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Very Important! Record in Journal.

Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, temperature increases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

As pressure increases, temperature increases. As pressure decreases, temperature decreases. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Pressure and temperature: Can you explain how this bird will continue to drink thinking about temperature and pressure? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: –Your body heat warms the fluid in the abdomen. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: –The heat increases the vapor pressure in the abdomen relative to the head (the reverse of what happens when you wet the head). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: –The fluid rises into the head in response to the pressure difference (moving from high pressure to low pressure). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: –The bird becomes top-heavy, and tips. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Answer: –The bird becomes top-heavy, and tips. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure increases – “Watch out” As temp rises, pressure increases – “Watch out” As pressure increases, temperature increases ”Watch out” As pressure increases, temperature increases ”Watch out” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure increases – “Watch out” As temp rises, pressure increases – “Watch out” As pressure increases, temperature increases ”Watch out” As pressure increases, temperature increases ”Watch out” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure increases – “Watch out” As temp rises, pressure increases – “Watch out” As pressure increases, temperature increases ”Watch out” As pressure increases, temperature increases ”Watch out” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Temperature and Pressure Temperature and Pressure As temp rises, pressure increases – “Watch out” As temp rises, pressure increases – “Watch out” As pressure increases, temperature increases ”Watch out” As pressure increases, temperature increases ”Watch out” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

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You should be close to page 5 and can now complete the Cartesian Diver question on page 6.