Architecture The International Style Holland, De Stijl - Gerrit Rietveld Germany, The Bauhaus – Walter Gropius Mies van der Rohe (USA) France – Le Corbusier

The International Style DE STIJL Gerrit Rietveld dematerialization Shroeder House, Utrecht, Holland, 1923 UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites Composition with Red, Yellow and Blue 1921, o/c, 15 x 13” Composition with Large Blue Plane, Red, Black, Yellow, and Gray, 1921, o/c, 23 x 19”

"One of the outstanding achievements of the new constructional technique has been the abolition of the separating function of the wall. Instead of making the walls the element of support, as in a brick-built house, our new space-saving construction transfers the whole load of the structure to a steel or concrete framework. Thus the role of the walls becomes restricted to that of mere screens stretched between the upright columns of this framework to keep out rain, cold, and noise.... Systematic technical improvement in steel and concrete …. are steadily reducing the area occupied by supporting members. This, in turn …. allows rooms to be much better lit. It is, therefore, only logical that the old type of window—a hole that had to be hollowed out of the full thickness of a supporting wall— should be giving place more and more to the continuous horizontal casement ….. And as a direct result of the growing preponderance of voids over solids, glass is assuming an ever greater structural importance....In the same way the flat roof is superseding the old penthouse roof with its tiled or slated gables.”

Gerrit Rietveld, Schroder House, Utrecht, Holand, 1923 Mondrian chair (Blue and Red chair)

The Bauhaus Workshop Wing Walter Gropius The Bauhaus Dessau, Germany

Mies van der Rohe German Pavillion, Barcelona (1929) “Less is more” “God is in the details” Barcelona Chair, 1927 functionalism

German Pavillion, Barcelona (1929) Mies van der Rohe

National Gallery Berlin Mies van der Rohe

Farnsworth House Plano, Illinois, USA 1950

Seagram Building 375 Park Avenue, New York, USA Lake Shore Drive Apartment Houses, Chicago,

Le Corbusier Villa Savoye, France, "Modern life demands, and is waiting for, a new kind of plan, both for the house and the city." (Vers une architecture, 1923)

Le Corbusier Villa Savoye, France,

Governmental building, Chandigarh, India, 1952

Edgar Kaufmann House, Fallingwater, Pennsilvania, Frank Lloyd Wright