Question of the Day What impact did the Northwest Ordinance have on public education? What impact did the Northwest Ordinance have on public education? a) It encouraged schools to be built in the Northwest Territory. b) It stated that parents should handle schooling in the Northwest Territory. c) It placed the responsibility of education on the federal government. d) It established restrictions on schools within U.S. territories.

Question of the Day a) It encouraged schools to be built in the Northwest Territory. -The Northwest Ordinance set aside land for public schools to be built on, showing the importance of education in the American society.

Today’s Standard SSUSH6c. SSUSH6c. Explain major reasons for the War of 1812 and its significance on the development of a national identity. Explain major reasons for the War of 1812 and its significance on the development of a national identity.

The War of 1812 The Presidency of James Madison

Jefferson’s 2 nd Term 1) Thomas Jefferson was popular after Louisiana Purchase; wins 2 nd term 1) Thomas Jefferson was popular after Louisiana Purchase; wins 2 nd term 2) Britain vs. France rivalry continues…as usual 2) Britain vs. France rivalry continues…as usual U.S. is caught in the middle – Jefferson remains neutral. U.S. is caught in the middle – Jefferson remains neutral. 3) Britain sets up blockade on France 3) Britain sets up blockade on France Blockade – sealing of another country’s ports Blockade – sealing of another country’s ports

Problems with Britain British blockade disrupts U.S. free trade British blockade disrupts U.S. free trade France and Britain both seize American ships because they won’t take a side France and Britain both seize American ships because they won’t take a side Britain begins to seize U.S. ships and forces them into their navy Britain begins to seize U.S. ships and forces them into their navy 4) Impressment 4) Impressment

The Chesapeake Incident June 1807 / The Embargo The Chesapeake – A U.S. naval frigate The Chesapeake – A U.S. naval frigate A British warship shows up and demands to board it A British warship shows up and demands to board it The Chesapeake’s captain refuses The Chesapeake’s captain refuses The British open fire The British open fire Three Americans dead; 18 wounded Three Americans dead; 18 wounded 5) In response, Jefferson has Congress declare an embargo 5) In response, Jefferson has Congress declare an embargo The U.S. will NOT export to foreign countries The U.S. will NOT export to foreign countries

The Election of ) James Madison (R) 1) James Madison (R) Charles Pinckney (F) Charles Pinckney (F) Winner – James Madision Winner – James Madision Madison inherits Jefferson’s unresolved problems with Britain and France Madison inherits Jefferson’s unresolved problems with Britain and France

Problems with the Natives 1) In addition to dealing with Britain and France, the U.S. faced threats from Natives 1) In addition to dealing with Britain and France, the U.S. faced threats from Natives 2) Tecumseh – Shawnee chief; using British help, fought the U.S. to get Native ancestral lands back 2) Tecumseh – Shawnee chief; using British help, fought the U.S. to get Native ancestral lands back 3) Tecumseh attempted to unite all Natives against the U.S. but his defeat in the Battle of Tippecanoe in Indiana ended his successes 3) Tecumseh attempted to unite all Natives against the U.S. but his defeat in the Battle of Tippecanoe in Indiana ended his successes 4) Britain assisted Tecumseh 4) Britain assisted Tecumseh The Chesapeake Incident, British assistance of Tecumseh, and impressment ALL had leaders in U.S. Congress crying out for war. The Chesapeake Incident, British assistance of Tecumseh, and impressment ALL had leaders in U.S. Congress crying out for war. 5) Warhawks 5) Warhawks

6) Reasons for the War of 1812 A) France and Britain’s ignoring of United States neutrality A) France and Britain’s ignoring of United States neutrality Any United States vessel becoming subject to search and seizure Any United States vessel becoming subject to search and seizure B) The Chesapeake Incident B) The Chesapeake Incident C) British impressment C) British impressment After attempted economic sanctions, Britain continued to threaten the United States’ free trade on the seas After attempted economic sanctions, Britain continued to threaten the United States’ free trade on the seas D) The warhawks’ persistence on having war D) The warhawks’ persistence on having war

Madison Declares War 7) The U.S. had more troops by this point 7) The U.S. had more troops by this point They were stronger than they were the first time they fought Britain but… They were stronger than they were the first time they fought Britain but… Republican funding cuts left military in bad shape Republican funding cuts left military in bad shape The U.S. was still in its infancy The U.S. was still in its infancy Britain was still the most powerful country in the world Britain was still the most powerful country in the world Powerful navy Powerful navy Trained army Trained army

Early Failure In Canada The first major offensive by the United States was in British-Canada The first major offensive by the United States was in British-Canada It was a massive failure It was a massive failure 8) The U.S. never was able to take Canada 8) The U.S. never was able to take Canada

Washington, D.C. Taken British outnumbered Americans British outnumbered Americans August 24 th, 1814 August 24 th, ) British troops enter Washington, D.C. 9) British troops enter Washington, D.C. The Capitol building is burned The Capitol building is burned The White House is burned The White House is burned President Madison and the First Lady have to escape President Madison and the First Lady have to escape The Battle of Baltimore – Americans withstand 2 days of British artillery The Battle of Baltimore – Americans withstand 2 days of British artillery The Star Spangled Banner is written during this time The Star Spangled Banner is written during this time Francis Scott Key Francis Scott Key Becomes a symbol of American nationalism and patriotism Becomes a symbol of American nationalism and patriotism

America Still Stands… Despite overwhelming odds, the United States outlasts Britain once again Despite overwhelming odds, the United States outlasts Britain once again Several decisive victories Several decisive victories Excellent defensive tactics Excellent defensive tactics Britain gives up fighting and leaves for England Britain gives up fighting and leaves for England 10) Treaty of Ghent is signed between the U.S. and Britain 10) Treaty of Ghent is signed between the U.S. and Britain An armistice is declared – a ceasefire An armistice is declared – a ceasefire Nobody won Nobody won Nothing was gained Nothing was gained Trade was eventually re- opened between Britain and the U.S. Trade was eventually re- opened between Britain and the U.S. A new sense of patriotism and American pride A new sense of patriotism and American pride

The Treaty of Ghent Nobody won Nobody won Nothing was gained Nothing was gained 11) It returned all boundaries and land back to the way it was before the war. 11) It returned all boundaries and land back to the way it was before the war. Basically everybody gave back what they took Basically everybody gave back what they took Nothing was changed Nothing was changed 12) The U.S. gained a new sense of patriotism and American pride 12) The U.S. gained a new sense of patriotism and American pride