The War of 1812 Chapter 10 section 5 Pg.320

The War of 1812 Setting the Scene Chapter 10 section 5 Pg.320

The War of 1812 Setting the Scene Chapter 10 section 5 Pg.320 There were mixed reactions from Americans about the War of 1812. Some Democratic-Republican supporters of Madison welcomed the war, encouraged supporting the war, and expected a quick victory. Others felt President Madison had dragged the United States into an unnecessary war that would cost money and lives for an unneeded expanding of the country.

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Early Days of the War Pg.320 The British were surprised the the U.S. declared war on them. They had been violating our neutrality since we had become a nation and did not necessarily know how negatively their trading with the Native Americans was being seen by Americans.

Early Days of the War Pg.320 The War of 1812 Chapter 10 section 5 “The state of the Army is enough to make any man who has the smallest love of country wish to get rid of it!”

Army Navy Early Days of the War Pg.320 The War of 1812 Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Early Days of the War Pg.320 Army Navy

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Early Days of the War Pg.320 16 At the beginning of the War of 1812, the U.S. had only 16 frigates and a total of 20 navy warships. This was no match for the large number British ships blockading our ports. The army was poorly trained and badly equipped with old and outdated guns and uniforms. The generals were old and had either never fought or not fought in a long time. To try to build up the army, America offered volunteers a bounty (signing bonus) of cash and the promise of a piece of land when their service was finished. Many young Americans signed up but they were not trained well and some deserted (quit).

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Fighting at Sea Pg.321 Most of the early fighting in the War of 1812 happened at sea because the U.S. did not have a very big army, it took a while to get to the Ohio River Valley and Canada, and most British soldiers were in Europe fighting against France.

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Fighting at Sea Pg.321

U.S.S. Constitution vs. H.M.S. Guerrière Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Fighting at Sea Pg.321 U.S.S. Constitution vs. H.M.S. Guerrière

U.S.S. Constitution vs. H.M.S. Guerrière Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Fighting at Sea Pg.321 U.S.S. Constitution vs. H.M.S. Guerrière In a sea battle off the coast of Canada, the U.S.S. Constitution beat the HMS Guerrière. British cannon balls bounced off the sides of the U.S.S. Constitution earning it the nickname “Old Ironsides”. While America only had a few ships, our ships often had better trained naval captains. Most of Britain’s best navy admirals were busy against France. The U.S. frigates were also faster and easier to maneuver.

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West Pg.321

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West Pg.321 The Canadian colonists did not have the same complaints with their British colonizers as the Americans had just years earlier when we fought a revolutionary war with Britain. Britain was more far with the Canadian colonies and allowed them some say in the government. So, most Canadian colonists stayed loyal to Britain and fought against America.

War in the West - Invasion of Canada Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Invasion of Canada Pg.321-322

THE BATTLE OF FORT MALDEN (That NEVER happened) Chapter 10 section 5 Pg.321-322 General Hull was ordered to invade Ontario from Fort Detroit. American troops under the command of the cautious General Hull were tricked to think that the British had more troops (redcoats) than they did and help from Indians by the clever British General Isaac Brock. The Americans retreated back to the safety of Fort Detroit without ever attacking. U.S. British Gen.Isaac Brock Gen.William Hull

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 Because of General Hull’s mistakes, the British and their Indian allies temporarily captured Fort Detroit and Fort Mackinac (on Mackinaw Island) during 1812. By 1813, the United States army was getting up to speed for the war and was anxious to take back the territory and spread into Canada.

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 Navy Captain Oliver Hazard Perry was ordered to take control of Lake Erie. Lake Erie was needed to help transport troops and supplies into Canada to attack the British colonies there. But when he first arrived, there were very few ships worthy of a navy on Lake Erie, so he had to put together his own fleet, building two larger ships from scratch. Captain Oliver Hazard Perry U.S. Navy

Pg.322 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie The War of 1812 Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 The battle was fought near Put-In Bay in Ohio

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 Captain Perry started on the U.S.S. Lawrence Captain Perry

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 Captain Perry was commanding the U.S.S. Lawrence. BRITISH SHIPS Captain Perry AMERICAN SHIPS

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 The U.S.S. Lawrence was damaged, on fire, and slowly sinking.

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 The U.S.S. Lawrence was damaged, on fire, and slowly sinking.

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 Captain Perry abandoned ship to a life boat.

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 Captain Perry rowed over to the U.S.S. Niagara and got on board to command it.

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 Captain Perry rowed over to the U.S.S. Niagara and got on board to command it.

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 Captain Perry commanded the Niagara for the rest of the battle and helped win the battle.

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322

War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 Oliver Hazard Perry

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 War in the West - Battle of Lake Erie Pg.322 In the end, Captain Perry’s fleet gained control of Lake Erie and helped re-take Fort Detroit for the Americans. Captain Oliver Hazard Perry “We have met the enemy and they are ours!”

Native American Losses Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses Battle of the Thames Pg.322

Native American Losses Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses Battle of the Thames Pg.322 Troops under the command of General William Henry Harrison (Governor of the Indiana Territory) were moved into the Michigan Territory and ordered to follow the British and their Indian allies into Ontario, Canada. William Henry Harrison

Native American Losses Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses Battle of the Thames Pg.322

Native American Losses Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses Battle of the Thames Pg.322

Native American Losses Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses Battle of the Thames Pg.322

Native American Losses Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses Battle of the Thames Pg.322

Native American Losses The War of 1812 Native American Losses Battle of the Thames Chapter 10 section 5 Pg.322 3,500 American troops battled with 600 British Redcoats and 1,000 Indians who were part of Tecumseh’s Confederation. General Harrison and his army defeated Tecumseh’s Confederation and the small British army along the Thames River in Ontario, Canada. During the battle, William Henry Harrison shot and killed Tecumseh. Afterwards, the Indian Confederation weakened and eventually fell apart and no longer helped the British nearly as much. General William Henry Harrison

Native American Losses The Battle of Horseshoe Bend Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses The Battle of Horseshoe Bend Pg.322

Native American Losses The Battle of Horseshoe Bend Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses The Battle of Horseshoe Bend Pg.322

Native American Losses The Battle of Horseshoe Bend Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses The Battle of Horseshoe Bend Pg.322

Native American Losses The Battle of Horseshoe Bend Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Native American Losses The Battle of Horseshoe Bend Pg.322 In the South, there were a series of battles against the Creek Indian tribe who were strong there. The final battle, fought at a bend in the river, called Horseshoe Bend, was won by General Jackson and the Americans. “Your people have destroyed my nation. We surrender.” Creek Indians helping the British General Andrew Jackson

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles Pg.322 In 1814, the war between Britain and France ended. This was really bad news for Americans because now the British could send more troops, more ships, and better generals to America to fight in the War of 1812.

The British Burn Washington Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The British Burn Washington Pg.322

The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Pg.322

The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Pg.322

The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg The War of 1812 The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Chapter 10 section 5 Pg.322 After a weak American Army tried to stop the British at Bladensburg, Maryland, the British Army marched right into Washington D.C. and burned down the city including the Capitol, the White House, and many other important government buildings.

The British Burn Washington Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The British Burn Washington Pg.322

The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Pg.322 Dolly Madison, the President’s wife, was brave and stayed behind long enough to make sure that important government papers and a famous portrait of George Washington were removed from the White House. Dolly Madison

The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Pg.322

The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 The British Burn Washington The Battle of Bladensburg Pg.322

The Battle of Fort McHenry Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of Fort McHenry Pg.322-323

The Battle of Fort McHenry Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of Fort McHenry Pg.322-323 After burning

The Battle of Fort McHenry Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of Fort McHenry Pg.323 Fort McHenry

The Battle of Fort McHenry The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of Fort McHenry Chapter 10 section 5 Pg.323 The Americans finally stopped the British before they could get to the city of Baltimore, Maryland. They stopped them at Fort McHenry.

The Battle of Fort McHenry The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of Fort McHenry Chapter 10 section 5 Pg.323 The Battle of Fort McHenry inspired Francis Scott Key to write a poem, which after being put to music became our national anthem.

The Battle of New Orleans Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of New Orleans Pg.323 General Andrew Jackson

The Battle of New Orleans Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of New Orleans Pg.323 After being stopped at Baltimore (Fort McHenry), the British decided to try to gain control of the Mississippi River by attacking the port city of New Orleans. As the British fleet sailed towards New Orleans, Andrew Jackson and his men prepared for battle.

The Battle of New Orleans Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of New Orleans Pg.323

The Battle of New Orleans Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of New Orleans Pg.323 To prepare for the battle, Andrew Jackson had his men dig trenches in the best strategic position to defend the city.

The Battle of New Orleans Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of New Orleans Pg.324

The Battle of New Orleans Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of New Orleans Pg.324

The Battle of New Orleans Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of New Orleans Pg.324 The Battle of New Orleans was over in just 37 minutes with over 3000 British casualties and only 13 American losses.

The Battle of New Orleans Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Final Battles The Battle of New Orleans Pg.320 General Jackson and his allies defeated the British in a bloody battle that ironically took place two weeks after the actual peace treaty to end the War of 1812 (The Treaty of Ghent) was signed and the war was over. This was because the news traveled slowly from Europe to America in the 1800s. BRITISH General Jackson, plus expert riflemen, plus Choctaw Indians

African Americans in the War Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 African Americans in the War Pg.324

African Americans in the War Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 African Americans in the War Pg.324

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Protest and Peace Pg.324

New Englanders Protest Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Protest and Peace New Englanders Protest Pg.325 Not all Americans supported the War of 1812. Merchants and business owners in the North were afraid that they may lose influence in Congress if the United States gained more land and added more states.

New Englanders Protest Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Protest and Peace New Englanders Protest Pg.325 New England Protestors Hartford, Connecticut

New Englanders Protest Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Protest and Peace New Englanders Protest Pg.325 Delegates from many New England states met in Hartford, Connecticut to consider separating from the United States and forming their own country but the war ended before the group made any decisions about what to do. So in the end, they did nothing. New England Protestors Hartford, Connecticut

Pg.325 Protest and Peace “Nothing Was Settled” The War of 1812 Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Protest and Peace “Nothing Was Settled” Pg.325

Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Protest and Peace “Nothing Was Settled” Pg.325 At the end of the War 1812, the U.S. and Britain met to stop the fighting. In the peace treaty, however, the two countries basically agreed to return to pre-war conditions. The only thing that really changed was that the U.S. did force Britain to remove its soldiers from forts in the Ohio River Valley during the course of the war.

Pg.325 Protest and Peace “Nothing Was Settled” The War of 1812 Chapter 10 section 5 The War of 1812 Protest and Peace “Nothing Was Settled” Pg.325