Topic: Tension Between England and the Colonies Essential Question: What caused the relationship between Britain and the Colonies to deteriorate?

 British government  Limited monarchy  King George III  Parliament  Law-making body  Similar to U.S. Congress

 Law-making body  Similar to U.S. Congress  Early acts of Parliament  Proclamation of 1763  Prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains  Purpose = reserve land for Native Americans

 Prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains  Purpose = reserve land for Native Americans  Quartering Act (1765)  Required colonists to provide housing and supplies for British soldiers

 Quartering Act (1765)  Required colonists to provide housing and supplies for British soldiers  Stamp Act (1765)  Motivated by England’s war debt Prime Minister George Grenville

 Stamp Act (1765)  Motivated by England’s war debt  Required colonists to pay a tax on most paper including newsprint and legal documents  Rallying cry against it: “No taxation without representation!”

 Required colonists to pay a tax on most paper including newsprint and legal documents  Rallying cry against it: “No taxation without representation!”  Colonists’ reactions  Boycott  A refusal to buy or participate

 Boycott  A refusal to buy or participate  American colonists organized boycotts on British goods  Forced Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act

 American colonists organized boycotts on British goods  Forced Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act  Petition  A formal request made to the government  Colonists petitioned the government to try to get acts of Parliament repealed

 A formal request made to the government  Colonists petitioned the government to try to get acts of Parliament repealed  Sons of Liberty  Secret societies  Samuel Adams  One of the leaders

 Samuel Adams  One of the leaders  Boston Massacre (1770)  Clash between British soldiers and colonists  5 colonists were killed

 Clash between British soldiers and colonists  5 colonists were killed  Crispus Attucks  Former slave  Considered the 1 st martyr of the Revolution

 Former slave  Considered the 1 st martyr of the Revolution  Paul Revere’s exaggerated engraving

 Considered the 1 st martyr of the Revolution  Paul Revere’s exaggerated engraving  Fueled pro-revolutionary feelings  Example of propaganda  Definition: the organized spreading of ideas to influence public opinion

EExample of propaganda DDefinition: the organized spreading of ideas to influence public opinion SSoldiers were put on trial for murder JJohn Adams served as their attorney AAll found not guilty except two who were given light sentences

 John Adams served as their attorney  All found not guilty except two who were given light sentences  Clash over tea  Tea Act (1773)  Gave Britain complete control over American tea trade  Placed a small tax on tea

 Gave Britain complete control over American tea trade  Placed a small tax on tea  Boston Tea Party  Done to protest the Tea Act (1773)  Colonists destroyed over 300 chests of British tea in Boston Harbor

BBoston Tea Party DDone to protest the Tea Act (1773) CColonists destroyed over 300 chests of British tea in Boston Harbor IIntolerable Acts PParliament’s reaction to the Boston Tea Party SSeverely restricted the rights of all colonists in Massachusetts UUnited the colonies against the British

SSeverely restricted the rights of all colonists in Massachusetts UUnited the colonies against the British FFirst Continental Congress MMeeting of delegates (representatives) from all the colonies (except Georgia) in Philadelphia

 First Continental Congress  Meeting of delegates (representatives) from all the colonies (except Georgia) in Philadelphia  Agreed to:  Petition the King

 Agreed to:  Petition the King  Boycott all British goods until the Intolerable Acts were repealed

 Petition the King  Boycott all British goods until the Intolerable Acts were repealed  Begin training soldiers  Minutemen  Term for the colonial militia  Non-professional army made up of ordinary citizens  Name referred to the idea that they were ready to fight at a minute’s notice

Parliament passes the Tea Act Colonists stage the Boston Tea Party Parliament passes the Intolerable Acts Colonists hold the First Continental Congress

 Non-professional army made up of ordinary citizens  Name referred to the idea that they were ready to fight at a minute’s notice  Lexington and Concord (April 1775)  British troops from Boston marched toward Concord to seize colonial military supplies and capture leaders  Minutemen were warned by riders like Paul Revere Gage

 British troops from Boston marched toward Concord to seize colonial military supplies and capture leaders  Minutemen were warned by riders like Paul Revere  Lexington  Small battle on Lexington Green  1 st battle of the Revolutionary War

 Small battle on Lexington Green  1 st battle of the Revolutionary War  “Shot heard ‘round the world”  Small force of Minutemen  Easily won by the British

 Small force of Minutemen  Easily won by the British  Concord  Important victory for Minutemen at Concord Bridge

 Concord  Important victory for Minutemen at Concord Bridge  British soldiers struggled to return the 20 miles to Boston  Harassed by Minutemen along the road  British soldiers struggled to return the 20 miles to Boston

 Harassed by Minutemen along the road  Choosing sides  Patriots  Colonists who supported American independence

PPatriots CColonists who supported American independence LLoyalists CColonists who remained loyal to Britain AAlso called Tories MMany colonists remained neutral Shelburne, Nova Scotia ?