Formation of Hydrogen Gas: The Rate Of a Reaction The rates of reaction between a strong acid and magnesium metal, and a weak acid and magnesium metal.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Acids and Bases.

Advertisements

How to Use This Presentation

CHAPTER 9 CONCURRENT ENROLLMENT. ACIDS AND BASES WEAK ACIDS AND BASES ONLY A FEW IONS ARE FORMED DEFINITIONS –Arrhenius - Acid contains H + ions and Bases.

Chapter 4: Chemical Reactions

Acids and Bases Part 2. Classifying Acids and Bases Arrhenius Acid ◦ Increases hydrogen ions (H + ) in water ◦ Creates H 3 O + (hydronium) Base ◦ Increases.

Reactions in solution A subset of chemical reactions.

Electrolytes Some solutes can dissociate into ions. Electric charge can be carried.

STAAR Ladder to Success Rung 10. AcidsAcids contain hydrogen ions Arrhenius Definition BasesBases contain hydroxide ions (OH - ) Savante Arrhenius, Swedish.

Acids and Bases: Theory Arrhenius theory of acids Arrhenius definition of an acid: any compound that contains hydrogen and produces H + (H 3 O + when.

Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry. Aqueous Solutions Aqueous solutions are solutions in which water does the dissolving. –Solute – material.

Acids & Bases Properties Acid-Base Theories Acid-Base Reactions.

Strong and Weak Acids and Bases Pg The strength of an acid is determined by the extent to which it ionizes, its percent ionization, not the concentration.

CHAPTER 16 ACIDS AND BASES. I. INTRODUCTION A) The Oldest Theory is the Arrhenius Theory 1) You should be familiar with this one from your earlier chemistry.

Chapter 14 Preview Lesson Starter Objectives Acids Bases

1 Acids and Bases. 2 Acids Have a sour taste. Vinegar owes its taste to acetic acid. Citrus fruits contain citric acid. React with certain metals to produce.

Acids, Bases & Salts n Acid Properties : n Sour taste, react with metals to produce hydrogen gas, electrolytes, affect indicators (turns blue litmus paper.

Acids, Bases, & Salts Regents Review.

MODERN CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 14 ACIDS AND BASES

1 Chapter 8 Acids and Bases. 2 What is an Acid? In water, an acid increases the hydronium (H 3 O + ) concentration of an aqueous solution. Strong acids.

I. Introduction to Acids & Bases Acids & Bases. A. Properties  electrolytes  turn litmus red  sour taste  react with metals to form H 2 gas  slippery.

Acids and Bases Topics to be covered: Definitions of acids and bases; Bronsted’s conjugate acid-base pairs concept; Determination of [H 3 O + ], [OH -

ACIDS AND BASES Topic Reactions of acids and bases Acids with metals Produces a salt and hydrogen gas Mg + 2HCl  MgCl 2 + H 2 Acids with carbonates.

Chapter 9 Charge-Transfer Reactions: Acids and Bases and Oxidation-Reduction Copyright  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction.

The solvent is generally in excess.

Chapter 14 Preview Multiple Choice Short Answer Extended Response

Acids and Bases. Acids are substances that turn blue litmus red, and usually react with metals such as zinc, releasing hydrogen. Examples: hydrochloric.

ACID-BASE TITRATIONS PART 3. WHAT DOES THE TITRATION GRAPH TELL? If we have a solid that dissolves: A 2 B (s)  2 A (aq) + B (aq) Then K sp is calculated.

Naming Acids…Slide 3 Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions …Slide 8 Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions …Slide 8 Calculation of pH…Slide 14.

Acid Base Indicators Experiment #6. What are acids and bases? There are many different definitions for classifying a substance as an acid or a base. Definitions.

Properties of Acids and Bases

Chemical Reactions Chapter Acid and Base Reactions  Acids and Bases acids produce carbon dioxide when added to a metal carbonate acids.

Acids & Bases Properties Acid-Base Theories Acid-Base Reactions.

Integrated Science II. Question What is the pH of pure water?

CHAPTER 4 Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry 1.

Acid reactions. Metals and acid reaction Example Magnesium Metal (Mg) reacts with Hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce Hydrogen Gas and Magnesium Chloride.

Acids and bases.

Chapter 19: Acids and Bases Sections 19.1 to 19.4.

Topic: All about Acids and Bases Do Now:. Acids IDENTIFY an Acid Covalent Formulas that start with H (exception: H 2 O 2 and H 2 O) or end with COOH.

Acids and Bases PS-3.8 Classify various solutions as acids or bases according to their physical properties, chemical properties (including neutralization.

Acids and Bases Chapter 15. Acids Have a sour taste. Vinegar owes its taste to acetic acid. Citrus fruits contain citric acid. React with certain metals.

Acid and Base Equilibria The concept of acidic and basic solutions is perhaps one of the most important topics in chemistry. Acids and bases affect the.

Hydrolysis and Neutralization

Acids and Bases. Acids & Bases ● There are 3 common definitions of acids and bases. – Arrhenius definition – acids increase H+ concentration, bases increase.

Equilibrium & Acid + Bases It’s gonna be lots of fun…

Carboxylic Acids These are organic acids. The most common one is ethanoic acid. The functional group is C OH O.

Acids and Bases (2).

Hydrolysis and Neutralization

Lesson Starter The solutions in the beakers are different because they have a different pH. One beaker contains a basic solution and the other beaker.

Acids 1.Aqueous solutions of acids have a sour taste. 2.Acids change the color of acid-base indicators. 3.Some acids react with active metals and release.

Equilibrium – Acids and Bases. Review of Acids and Bases Arrhenius Theory of Acids and Bases ▫An acid is a substance that dissociates in water to produce.

Acids, Bases, and pH Chapters 14/15. 1.Aqueous solutions of acids have a sour taste. 2.Acids change the color of acid-base indicators. 3.Some acids react.

Properties of Acids Taste sour pH < 7 Turn litmus red Colorless with phenolphthalein Neutralize bases React with metals to produce H 2 gas React with carbonates.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Preview Lesson Starter Objectives Acids Bases Arrhenius Acids and Bases Chapter 14.

Warm-Up: To be turned in Identify the type of reaction represented in the following equations: C 10 H O 2 ---> 10CO 2 + 4H 2 O 8Fe + S 8 ---> 8FeS.

The Solution Process Electrolytes, non-electrolytes.

The Strengths of Acids and Bases References: Chemistry, Nelson, pages Heath Chemistry, pages McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Chapters 14,15.

Strong and Weak Acids and Bases And Dissociation Constants

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Acids 1.Aqueous solutions of acids have a sour taste. 2.Acids change the color of acid-base indicators.

Classifying Acids and Bases. Acid and Base Theories  There are different ways of defining what an acid and base is 1. Arrhenius 2. Bronstead Lowry.

1 Chapter 19 Objectives: 1) Differentiate between acids and bases. 2) Explain the following three acid-base theories: Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, Lewis.

5.2 - Salts Salts are a class of ionic compounds formed when:  acids and bases react  oxides or carbonates react with acids  metals react with acids.

Properties of Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases Bronsted Lowry Acids and Bases Autoionization of Water

Unit 4: Equilibrium, Acids & Bases Part 2: Acids and Bases

Section 1 Properties of Acids and Bases

Hydrogen Gas from the Reaction of Magnesium Metal With Acid

Arrhenius Acids and Bases

Unit 4: Equilibrium, Acids & Bases Part 2: Acids and Bases

Chapter 14 Preview Lesson Starter Objectives Acids Bases

Acids and Bases.

Presentation transcript:

Formation of Hydrogen Gas: The Rate Of a Reaction The rates of reaction between a strong acid and magnesium metal, and a weak acid and magnesium metal to generate hydrogen gas are compared.

Purpose In flask number one was added HCl (strong acid) and in flask number two was added CH 3 COOH (weak acid) in equal amounts to both flasks. Magnesium metal was then added to each flask which was covered immediately with a balloon. The reaction between the acid and the metal produced hydrogen gas.

Demonstration Flask number two with the strong acid inflated the balloon much faster than flask number one with the weak acid.

Concepts Acids Oxidation of metals Hydrogen

Acids An acid is a substance that is able to donate a proton and increase the concentration of ions when it dissolves in water. A strong acid is an acid that ionizes completely in water. The most common strong acids are HCl, HBr, HI, HClO 3, HClO 4, H 2 SO 4 and HNO 3. A weak ccid is an acid that partially ionizes in water. Many weak acids are organic compounds that are made of carbon, hydrogen and opxygen. Acetic acid is an organic compound that is found in vinegar. Acetic acid has the chemical formula CH 3 COOH

Oxidation of Metals Oxidation is a process in which a substance loses one or more electrons. In this demonstration the metal is been oxidized by the acid to make a salt and hydrogen gas. Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq)  MgCl 2(aq) + H (g) Mg (s) + CH 3 COOH (aq)  Mg(CH 3 COO) 2(aq) + H 2(g) A piece of iron rusting is a good example of oxidation of a metal.

Hydrogen Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. It is the first element in the periodic table and has the lowest atomic weight of At room temperature it is a colorless and odorless gas. Hydrogen gas exists as a diatomic molecule, H 2

Conclusions Stronger acids generate hydrogen gas faster because they are able to donate protons at a faster rate. This is in keeping with the definition and classification of strong acids. Acetic acid, a weak acid, does not react as quickly as a strong acid.

Comments The oxidation of metals is used when small amounts of hydrogen are needed in the laboratory. For industrial use some other methods are use like reacting methane(natural gas) with steam at 1100C.