SAMURAI SOLDIER’S
MINAMOTO YORITOMO Took title of Shogun (Commander in Chief & head of Military) Who’s place is the Shogun taking? Samurai (Professional Warrior’s) became Japan’s ruling class
RISE OF THE SAMURAI Girls & Boys were trained in the arts of War Daimyos: Warrior-Lords in Japan Began treating their land like independent kingdoms Tokugawa Ieyasu became Shogun and established Edo as capital
ARMOR Strong, yet flexible Boxlike panels of armor covered: chest, back & hips Metal Guards on legs & arms Iron Masks
WEAPONS Bows & Arrows Spears Swords-Finest in the world Long -used for fighting Shorter- cutting off heads
MILITARY TRAINING Fencing/Swordsmanship was most intense training Martial Arts- Using your opponent’s strength against him
BATTLE Pre-arranged Time & Date Shouted out names, ancestors, heroic deeds & reasons for fighting Fought 1 on 1 duels 1. knock opponent off horse 2. wrestle to the ground 3.slit throat
TRAINING IN SELF CONTROL Learned to endure pain and suffering Overcome the Fear of Death “Meditation on Inevitable Death should be performed daily. Everyday when one’s mind & body are at peace, one should meditate upon being ripped apart by arrows, rifles, spears and swords, being carried away by surging waves, being thrown into the midst of a great fire, being struck by lightening, being shaken to death by a great earthquake, falling from thousand foot cliffs, dying of disease or committing suicide at the death of one’s master.”
Training in Preparedness: Must have a “Sixth Sense” about danger Training in Writing & Literature Calligraphy Poetry Haiku’s- using images to suggest a mood
TEA CEREMONY Way to form Political Alliance’s among Samurai Tea Rooms were simple- engaged in discussions
Amida Buddhism Founded by Honan Believer’s could enter the Pure Land by prayer TRAINING IN SPIRITUAL STRENGTH Zen Buddhism Emphasis on Effort & discipline Achieved Enlightenment through meditation Koans-puzzling questions
CODE OF BUSHIDO & SAMURAI VALUES Loyalty & Personal Honor- Loyalty to your Lord Guard Personal Honor Ritual Suicide- Seppuku- ritual suicide Preserving personal honor, avoiding capture in battle, death of lord, punishment for a crime, atone for a crime and many more…
I have no parents: I make the heavens and Earth my parents. I have no home: I make awareness my home. I have no life or death: I make the tides of breathing my life and death. I have no divine power: I make honesty my divine power. I have no means: I make understanding my means. I have no magic secrets: I make character my magic secret. I have no body: I make endurance my body. I have no eyes: I make the flash of lightning my eyes. I have no ears: I make sensibility my ears. I have no limbs: I make promptness my limbs. I have no strategy: I make “unshadowed by thought” my strategy. I have no design: I make “seizing opportunity by the forelock” my design. I have no miracles: I make right action my miracles. I have no principles: I make adaptability to all circumstances my principles. I have no tactics: I make emptiness and fullness my tactics. I have no talents: I make ready wit my talent. I have no friends: I make my mind my friend. I have no enemy: I make carelessness my enemy. I have no armor: I make benevolence and righteousness my armor. I have no castle: I make immovable mind my castle. I have no sword: I make absence of mind my sword.
12 th Century Tomoe Gozen- fought in battles-killed enemy leader Koman- Saved Clan’s banner WOMEN 17 th Century “when young, women should obey their fathers; when grown, their husbands; when old, their sons” Arranged Marriages
Japan Military Chief rose to Power (Shogun) Loyalty & Obligations tied lords & vassals Daimyos Samurai Code of Bushido (more strict) JAPAN VS. EUROPE Europe Military Chief rose to Power (King) Loyalty & Obligations tied lords & vassals Landholding Lords Knights Code of Chivalry (less strict)
INFLUENCE ON MODERN TIMES Restored the Power of the Emperor 1940’s- stayed true to Warrior Code Many killed themselves Kamikazes Martial Arts/Judo- reflect Samurai Discipline Haiku/ Calligraphy