Airport Surface Wireless Communications System Update Presented to: ACP WG-M By: Brent Phillips/FAA Systems Engineering and Safety Office Date: Nov 16, 2009 Glenn Research Center Cleveland, Ohio

Outline of Topics FY05-07 Background AP17: Future Communications Study WRC-07 New Spectrum Allocations for A/G Comms FY08-09 Activities NextGen Planning with FAA and Eurocontrol coordination NAS Enterprise Architecture Communications Roadmap Project Level Agreement: Future Communications C-band Airport Surface Wireless Communications FY10+ Activities New RTCA Special Committee SC-223 Pending AP:30 Future Communications Infrastructure Research Program Status Mobile and Fixed Applications Test Bed and Hardware Implementation Next Steps 2

ICAO Endorsed Common FCS Technology Recommendations [ICAO ACP R1] Develop a new system based on the IEEE 802.16e standard operating in the C-band and supporting the airport surface environment. United States Europe Airport Oceanic/Remote Continental P34/TIA-902 LDL B-AMC AMACS Inmarsat SBB Custom Satellite IEEE 802.16e Common Shortlist A I R T R A F F I C O R G A N I Z A T I O N ato

Airport Surface Communications Highest concentration of users in NAS Air traffic control, airport operations, airline operations, safety Mobile and fixed assets Mobile access to SWIM 4

C-band Datalink Recommendations Develop airport surface system based on IEEE 802.16e standard [A1.1] Identify the portions of the IEEE standard best suited for airport surface wireless communications, identify and develop any missing functionality and propose an aviation specific standard to appropriate standardisation bodies; [A1.2] Evaluate and validate the performance of the aviation specific standard to support wireless mobile communications networks operating in the relevant airport surface environments through trials and test bed development; [A1.3] Propose a channelization methodology for allocation of safety and regularity of flight services in the band to accommodate a range of airport classes, configurations and operational requirements; [A0.4] Complete business analysis in relation to the FCI components and implementation from the perspective of the ground infrastructure and the airlines. A I R T R A F F I C O R G A N I Z A T I O N ato

2007 World Radiocommunications Conference Decision The WRC-07 approved adding an AM(R)S allocation for 5091-5150 MHz to the International Table of Frequency Allocations Removed prior limitation in so-called MLS Extension Band for “support of navigation/surveillance functions” AM(R)S designation for safety and regularity of flight applications No interference allowed with other occupants in the band: non-GEO satellite feeder links and aeronautical telemetry Protected allocation enables ICAO to develop international standards for airport mobile (i.e., wheels in contact) surface wireless communications networks that include fixed assets Ideal for airport surface wireless network with short range (~10 km or less sector coverage) and high data throughput (10s of Mb/s) The WRC-11 will consider adding an AM(R)S allocation in the 5000-5030 MHz band A I R T R A F F I C O R G A N I Z A T I O N ato

NextGen Implementation Plan 2009 Contributed to FAA planning and content of NextGen Implementation Plan Improve Collaborative Air Traffic Management New ATM Requirements: Future Communications FY09 Milestones Concepts of use, preliminary requirements, and architecture for C-band airport surface wireless communication system Test bed infrastructure to enable validation of aviation profile of IEEE 802.16e standard

NextGen Implementation Plan 2009

PLA and SAA Tasks Governing FAA Project Level Agreement G1M 02-02_SysDev_09PLA signed on 27 February 2009 Space Act Agreement (SAA3-978 Mod 1) Defined GRC’s responsibilities signed on 6 May 2009 FAA FY09 Funding ~$700k in May 2009; ~$1.4M in September 2009 ITT Task Order Task 7 L-band and C-band ConUse, Requirements Architecture, Prototypes, Test Bed Upgrade GRC Tasks FAA Planning and RTCA Support C-band Interference Assessment and Channelization Methodology Wireless Network Security Assessment NASA-CLE Test Bed Management

C-Band/L-Band Research Budget BLI FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 1A09E C-Band $1.810M $0.815M $0.500M* $0M L-Band $0.375M $0.200M $0.200M* SatCom* N/A $0.250M* TBD Totals $2.185M $1.015M $0.950M* $1.200M* * Proposed elements of research plan for AP-30 “Future Comms Infrastructure” 10

Communications Roadmap (1 of 4) CY 2008 2009 2010 2013 2014 2012 2011 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 SWIM SWIM Segmt.1 SWIM Segmt. 2 SWIM Segmt. 3 SWIM—Core Services Telecom 214 LDRCL X RCL X 215 BWM X 102 DMN X NADIN PSN X X.25 Service Discontinued; Users transferred to FTI IP FTI-1 X 130 491 FID 74 FTI-2 ANICS FID 129 ASTI 216 NADIN MSN NMR CRD 217 IARD 496 IID 497 FID 498 Airport Wireless Communication System Note: Fixed User Ground Communications as a component of a Mobile User Communications Network Supporting Activities Airport Wireless Communications System (R&D Effort) RTCA 802.16e Aviation Standard Development

C-Band Research Description – FY09-10 Develop ConUse, requirements, and architecture for the C-Band airport surface wireless communications system Conduct supporting system analyses (e.g. high-level safety, interference, wireless security, risk assessment)  Develop detailed system designs based on IEEE 802.16 standards Establish an operational capability in NextGen CNS Test Bed to characterize the performance and conduct services demos/trials Develop test and demo plans and execute those plans to establish baseline performance as point of departure for proposed aeronautical services modifications Develop initial recommendations for joint RTCA/EUROCAE standards activities and provide support to new RTCA SC, and propose methods to validate standards in follow-on tasks Provide subtask related support to FAA-EUROCONTROL and ICAO working group meetings as required

RTCA SC for AeroMAX RTCA Program Management Council approved new Special Committee to develop an airport surface wireless communications standard Established RTCA SC-223 in July 2009 Engaged industry participation from their perspectives: Honeywell (Co-Lead) and Rockwell Collins, avionics providers ITT (Co-Lead) and Sensis, service providers Boeing, aircraft manufacturer Drafted Terms of Reference basing the proposed aviation standard on a profile of the IEEE 802.16e WiMAX standard Plan to coordinate with EUROCAE WG-82 Kickoff meeting planned for 2-3 November 2009 in DC

Pending Action Plan 30: FCI AP-30 Future Communications Infrastructure On 30 July 2009, the FAA-Eurocontrol Coordinating Committee (CCOM) approved the AP-30 “Eurocontrol/Jacky Pouzet and FAA/Brent Phillips to develop a work programme for the agreed new Action Plan to cover Communication Infrastructure that will focus on WiMAX at terminal areas. TOR and AWP2010 to be proposed at CCOM 11.” Conduct the research and technology development for the FCI based on the ICAO endorsed findings and recommendations of AP-17: Future Communications Study (FCS) FAA/Steve Bradford endorsed NASA’s co-signatory role on AP-30 as on AP-17 FAA-NASA to focus on airport surface AeroWiMAX FAA to allow Eurocontrol to lead on L-band enroute NASA-funded research on SatCom FCI for FAA is preferred

Why Airport Surface Wireless Communications? Existing airport communications infrastructure lacks flexibility and underground cabling is expensive to deploy Aging infrastructure, costly to maintain, vulnerable Existing cabling infrastructure not available at all airports Limited comms integration, lack of network connectivity Current NAS modernization and anticipated “NextGen” Air Traffic System increase demands for CNS information sharing stakeholders ASDE-X sensors, runway incursion prevention, weather & wake sensors… Controllers, pilots, airlines, ramp, de-icing, service & emergency dispatch… Wireless mobile airport surface communications network benefits: Reliable, secure integration of voice/video/data at all airport locations Enables “SWIM” networked integration of data sources and users Allows flexible, expandable, affordable deployment at airports of all sizes Reduces VHF spectrum congestion

Cable Cuts During Runway Refurbishment

Potential Airport Surface Communications Network Applications Vendor Network Vehicle Vehicle ADS - B Station Security ATCT Core WiMax Virtual ATCT Core ASR WAN LCGS WiMax Vehicle Vehicle VOR RTR/RCAG ASR ADS - B Station Wireless Cable Asset Tracking Data Services C-Band Airport Surface Communications and NASA GRC CNS Testbed Plans 17

Potential Mobile Applications ATC Comm with any aircraft (A/C-to-fixed, A/C-to-A/C) anywhere ATC comm with any vehicle in the airport movement area (runway and taxiways, but not ramp area where airlines control) Tower datalink system (TDLS) for flight clearances Loading FMS via CMU with 4D trajectories and modifications Aeronautical information services updates and graphical weather AOC and non-ATS voice and data between airlines and pilot Surface management, gate control, de-icing state GPS and AIS updates (e.g., moving maps for taxi routes) Mobile SWIM A/C access/send information (e.g. tactical Wx); Other vehicles, receive only Fire, safety, snow removal, de-icing (in movement area) Airport operations security; security video from cockpit and cabin Hazards advisories and NOTAMS

Potential Fixed Applications Sensor data collection/dissemination for situational awareness MLAT/ASDE-X ADS-B Airport Surface Radar (ASR) data Network enabled Weather Data (ASOS, LLWAS, TDWR, ITWS, icing conditions) Cable/Telco replacement/augmentation Backup/primary alternative to wired connections Extend cable loop infrastructure to remote surface assets Temporary connection of fixed assets during surface construction or service restoration

Installation Completed 9-10-09 GRC Bldg 500 CPE RU08 GRC Bldg 500 CPE RU08 Installation Completed 9-10-09 Bldg 4 BS, CPE, Backhaul RU07 Pri Hanger CPE RU01 Pri Hanger CPE RU01 Bldg 110 Core Server Backhaul Bldg 110 Core Server Backhaul CMF Bldg CPE RU06 CMF Bldg CPE RU06 Term C CPE RU02 Term C CPE RU02 ARFF BS, Backhaul RU05 ARFF BS, Backhaul RU09 Snow Barn CPE RU04 Snow Barn CPE RU04 ALSF CPE RU05 ALSF CPE RU05 Glycol Tanks CPE RU03 CPE and Backhaul Radio Antenna Pointing

Alvarion BreezeMax Extreme C-Band BTS ODUs

Alvarion BreezeMax Extreme C-Band Subscriber Station ODU .

BTS, GPS and Backhaul ODUs at B4 GPS ODU GPS ODU BTS 1-1 ODU BTS 1-2 ODU 11 GHz Backhaul ODU

Subscriber Station ODU and Enclosure on B4 Roof SS Electronics Enclosure

C-Band Research Description – FY10 Conduct supporting system analyses [e.g. high-level safety and risk assessment (ITT) and interference and wireless security (NASA)]  Develop test and demo plans and execute those plans in the NASA CNS Test Bed to establish baseline AirMAX network and channel performance as point of departure for proposed aeronautical services modifications to the IEEE 802.16e standards Develop AirMAX network and system designs based on the proposed aviation profile of the IEEE 802.16e standards Develop recommended channelization methodology and channel plans for 5091-5150 MHz allocation Develop recommendations to joint RTCA/EUROCAE standards committees and provide support to RTCA SC-223, and validate standards in the NASA-CLE CNS Test Bed

Thank You 26