Mr. Ermer World History Miami Beach Senior High
Enlightenment ideals influence revolutionaries Popular Sovereignty: political authority resides with people John Locke : Gov’t gets legitimacy from the people, individual rights are paramount Jean-Jacques Rousseau : Same thoughts on legitimacy, but thinks people act collectively due to past shared experiences Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations —Laissez-Faire Economics Rene Decartes, Cesare Baccaria, Francis Bacon Counter Enlightenment breeds conservative & anti-democratic movements Benjamin Franklin is standard barer for critics of Old World Enlightenment thinkers fight for personal freedoms, popular sovereignty, and “equality” This equality did not extend to women, slaves, children, peasants, laborers, or non-whites The Enlightenment & Revolution
Two policies upset American colonists: Britain raises taxes on its N. Amer. colonies to mitigate war debt and any future military expenses to defend colonies The Stamp Act of 1765 Britain closes western frontier from colonial settlement Sons of Liberty—New English activist organization Boycotts cut British imports by 2/3 Parliament cuts taxes Upsets colonists by granting tea monopoly to British E. India Co. Boston Tea Party & Boston Massacre Rebellion In British N.A.
Revolution In The Air 1774: First Continental Congress, Philly 1775: Fighting begins at Lexington 1776: Second Continental Congress declares independence, Thomas Jefferson Continental Army unorganized
1775: First Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia Fighting erupts in New England (Lexington & Concord) Assumes power of gov., raises army, issues currency George Washington chosen to lead army Declaration of Independence Many European powers see helping Americans as way to spite British France: arms, money, officers for training; king recognizes the United States (1778) Spain & The Netherlands also offer support 1781: General Cornwallis surrenders to General George Washington at Yorktown 1783: Treaty of Paris ends war, establishes an independent American state Constitutional Convention establishes a republic based on Enlightenment ideals The American Revolution
On page 287, write and answer questions 1-5. Chapter 15, Lesson 4: