1 Wideband Simulation Results European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation AGCFG #3 & ACP WG-C#11 Lommaert Luc DAS/CSM September, Brussels

2 Overview 1.Cellular Coms Capacity estimation for aviation 2.Scenario definition for modelling CDMA2000 & UMTS 3.Agilent - Wideband Simulations GENERIC SIMULATOR 4.Roke Manor / Siemens - Wideband Simulations SAAM DATA 5.Conclusions

3 CELLULAR CAPACITY : FREQUENCY RE-USE POWER FREQ. CDMA F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F1 POWER FREQ. TDMA TIME GSM CLUSTER SIZE=7 CDMA CLUSTER SIZE=1

4 Cellular Capacity - Interference Considerations Propagation losses make Signals decay with 4th - 5 th order due to Rayleigh Fading ( buildings-trees..) AVIATION LEADS TO 3D SITUATION INTERFERENCE 3th TIER 2nd TIER 1st TIER Propagation losses make Signals decay with 2 nd order Due to Line of Sight adjacent cell INTERFERENCE will increase Saved by Radio Horizon Isc Ioc

5 Verification of compatibility of modelling tools Define a scenario for modelling Define a scenario for modelling Implement the scenario on the Siemens and Agilent tool, generate results Implement the scenario on the Siemens and Agilent tool, generate results Compare the results from the two modelling exercises and justify any disparities Compare the results from the two modelling exercises and justify any disparities

6 Common Modelling Parameters

7 Direct Comparison of Results Agilent Model includes extra-cell interference Agilent Model includes extra-cell interference Conclusion drawn is that Roke and Agilent Methodologies are essentially the same and lead to comparable results Conclusion drawn is that Roke and Agilent Methodologies are essentially the same and lead to comparable results At 2% Blocking, Mean No of Users Roke = 46.8, Agilent = 43.0

8 Agilents Generic Capacity Simulator Standard ideal POLE capacity equations Adapted for: keep-alive channels activity factor orthogonality factor other-cell interference Forward link capacity Reverse link capacity Erlang capacity calculation (through Monte Carlo simulation) Bottleneck STATIC STATISTIC Users Random allocated Uniform distributed Single cell, Infinite Power

9 Simulation results Air interface specific parameters CDMA2000WCDMA Spreading rate Mcps 3.84 Mcps User traffic data rate 9.6 Kbps 12.2 Kbps PG FL keep-alive to total BS Tx power -7 dB FL Eb/No target 4.5 dB 7.4 dB RL keep-alive to user traffic power dB dB RL Eb/No target mean value ( no Ant. Div) 6 dB 8.3 dB RL Eb/No target standard deviation 0.5 dB Values based on: 3GPP2 C.S0010 (BS) and C.S0011 (MS) 3GPP (BS) and (MS)

10 Simulation results : Ideal STATIC capacity Cell range Relative other-cell interference factor CDMA2000 RL Mobile users CDMA2000 FL Mobile users 50 km 50 km km 100 km km 150 km Note: STATIC capacity : rough & optimistic estimation The FL capacity is 3 to 4 times larger than the RL capacity Larger cells see less interference from neighboring cells more users

11 Final Simulation results Reverse link Erlang capacity Cell size impact Eb/No = 6 dB CPICH/TCH=-3,75dB

12 Simulation results Reverse link Erlang capacity Antenna diversity impact

13 CDMA kbps with RMR optimized system parameters (Eb/No, R-PICH/TCH ) Reverse link Erlang capacity

14 Roke Manor / Siemens – Wideband Simulations

15 Simulation Methodology Traffic Scenario Definition COCR Analysis SAAM Data Processing Simulation Deployment Definition Simulations Analysis of Results Radio System Parameter Derivation

16 LSAZMP4 Service Volume

17 Wraparound

18 Total Number of Aircraft

19 Max Number of Aircraft in any BS Sector

20 cdma2000 Simulation Parameters cdma2000 Release C cdma2000 Release C Radio Configuration 1, Spreading Rate 1 ( Mcps) Radio Configuration 1, Spreading Rate 1 ( Mcps) Four Quasi-Orthogonal Codes with equal BS Power Four Quasi-Orthogonal Codes with equal BS Power Max BS Tx Power = 43 dBm, Pilot Power 20%. Max 20% Power/user Max BS Tx Power = 43 dBm, Pilot Power 20%. Max 20% Power/user Max Aircraft Tx Power = 33 dBm Max Aircraft Tx Power = 33 dBm Assumptions: Two Antenna Base Station Diversity, 0.2% FER, 1dB Implementation Loss Assumptions: Two Antenna Base Station Diversity, 0.2% FER, 1dB Implementation Loss

21 Simulations Results + Future work COCR 9,6 kbps 10% activity COCR 9,6 kbps 10% activity Reverse Link Limited (as expected) Reverse Link Limited (as expected) Switzerland scenario presents the greatest challenge Switzerland scenario presents the greatest challenge Higher number of aircraft Higher number of aircraft Second cdma2000 carrier was required in this scenario Second cdma2000 carrier was required in this scenario Total Bandwidth Required 2025 Total Bandwidth Required 2025 cdma2000 – 2 (carriers) x 2 (duplex) x 1.25 MHz = 5 MHz cdma2000 – 2 (carriers) x 2 (duplex) x 1.25 MHz = 5 MHz UMTS – 1 (carrier) x 2 (duplex) x 5 MHz = 10 MHz UMTS – 1 (carrier) x 2 (duplex) x 5 MHz = 10 MHz ALL SIMULATIONS DONE ON GREEN FIELD SPECTRUM ALL SIMULATIONS DONE ON GREEN FIELD SPECTRUM L-band Interference study : methodology M.1639/1477 L-band Interference study : methodology M.1639/1477

22 CONCLUSIONS Large capacity improvements Large capacity improvements Eb/No target Eb/No target Keep-alive channel power fraction Keep-alive channel power fraction Sectorisation Sectorisation Both standards forsee in system parameters adaptation Both standards forsee in system parameters adaptation Support of all QoS (Conv, Stream, Interactive, Background) Support of all QoS (Conv, Stream, Interactive, Background) Support of multiple coders/decoders (Viterbi, Turbo) Support of multiple coders/decoders (Viterbi, Turbo) Support of multiple frame sizes ( 10,20,40,80ms) Support of multiple frame sizes ( 10,20,40,80ms) Use Packetdata channel i.s.o dedicated traffic channels Use Packetdata channel i.s.o dedicated traffic channels COCR requirements met with FDD 2 x 5 MHz UMTS or 2 x 1,25MHz CDMA2000 COCR requirements met with FDD 2 x 5 MHz UMTS or 2 x 1,25MHz CDMA2000

23 Thank You …