©2012 Command Spanish ®, Inc.1 Spanish-Speakers and You: What everyone needs to know Medical Edition

Who Are the Hispanics / Latinos? 2©2012 Command Spanish ®, Inc.

3 Components of Hispanic Culture Language Communication Styles Etiquette Traditions and Customs Food, Dress, and Music Religion Belief Systems and World Views Values

Where Do Hispanics Come From? 4©2012 Command Spanish ®, Inc.

5 Spanish-Speaking Countries 1. Argentina 2. Bolivia 3. Chile 4. Colombia 5. Costa Rica 6. Cuba 7. Dominican Republic 8. Ecuador 9. El Salvador 10. Guatemala 11. Honduras 12. Mexico 13. Nicaragua 14. Panama 15. Paraguay 16. Peru 17. Spain 18. Uruguay 19. Venezuela ** Puerto Rico

Source: U.S. Census (2010) U.S. Hispanic Population by Origen 6©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

7 THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CONSIDERS RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN TO BE TWO SEPARATE AND DISTINCT CONCEPTS. Source: U.S. Census (2010)

In 2000, the Hispanic population was 35.3 million. In 2000, the Hispanic population was 35.3 million. In 2010, the Hispanic population was 50.5 million In 2010, the Hispanic population was 50.5 million In the last decade, the Hispanic population has grown 43%… Source: U.S. Census (2010) 8©2012 Command Spanish ®, Inc.

9 What do Hispanics look like? White European Indian Mestizo Black Mulatto Asian Racial Types in the Hispanic Community

©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.10 Stereotypes List common stereotypes that Americans have about Hispanics: List common stereotypes that Hispanics have about Americans: Positive Negative Positive Negative

How Do Spanish-Speakers See Themselves? 11©2012 Command Spanish ®, Inc.

Hispanics are persons whose speech, customs or cultural heritage pertain to, or derive from, any of the nineteen Spanish- speaking countries in the world, and Puerto Rico. Hispanics may speak Spanish, be bilingual, speak only minimal Spanish, or speak no Spanish at all. Hispanics may be of any single or mixed racial origin. The primary Spanish groups in the United States are: Mexican, Mexican-American, Cuban, Cuban-American, Puerto Rican, Dominican, and Central American. The civil status of Hispanics may be: U.S. born citizens, legal residents, legal workers, students, visitors/tourists, or illegal aliens (undocumented workers). Who are Hispanics? A working definition… 12©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

13 Spanish-Only, Literate (university graduate, professional, secondary education, or technical specialist) Spanish-Only, Illiterate, or Primary School Education (0-6 years of primary education only) Spanish Speaker with Word English Vocabulary LEP (Limited English Proficient) Bilingual Bilingual & biliterate English Speaker with Word Spanish Vocabulary English-Only

Machismo Marianismo Gender Issues 14©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

Proxemics and Haptics Personal Space Touching ©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc. 15

Chronemics Time concepts Appointments General day divisions “on time” Workday Leisure Overtime, Vacation, and Time Off ©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc. 16

The Hispanic Surname System 17©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc. María Elena Guzmán González María Elena Guzmán González marries marries Pablo Felipe Durán Rodríguez Pablo Felipe Durán Rodríguez Their daughter FIRST NAMES: María Teresa LAST NAMES:. Their son FIRST NAMES: José Felipe LAST NAMES:.

What is her married name? What do I call her? 18©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc. María Elena Guzmán González marries Pablo Felipe Durán Rodríguez The Hispanic Surname System

Religious Names Nicknames Hispanic Names and Nicknames 19©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

Survival English Workplace English Social English LEPs, or How Much English? 20©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

Understanding Using native language Uneducated Bilingual = biliterate False affirmation Spiraling Misconceptions Based on Language Issues 21©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

Medical Considerations 22©2012 Command Spanish ®, Inc.

Respeto / Respect Innate right as ser humano Non-condescending Eye contact Use of interpreter Permission to touch Indirect vs. direct questioning 23©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

Contemporary Belief Systems Hispanic –Home remedy / folk cure –Prayer –Neighbors –Family –Parish Priest –Curandero –Pharmacy –Doctor –Hospital “Gringo” –OTC / self-medicate –Doctor or ER –Prescription drugs –Specialist –Hospital –Prayer –Alternative treatments and medicines 24©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

Health Issues—Symptoms Pain as reality Pain assessment and management Somatization 25 ©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

La Farmacia / The Pharmacy Pharmacy sign, Morelia, Mexico 26 ©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

Folk Healers Curandero / curandera/ chamán Santero / santera Espiritista Sobador / sobadora Albolario Herbolario or Yerbero 27©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.

28 La salud en la naturaleza /Health through nature Sign in market, Morelia, Mexico

©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.29 Common “Folk” Illnesses Caída de mollera Empacho Susto Mal de ojo

©2012 Command Spanish®, Inc.30 Meeting the Needs of Your Hispanic Patients For the complete cross-cultural program entitled Meeting the Needs of Your Hispanic Patients please contact Command Spanish ®, Inc. at , or your local Command Spanish ® provider. You can visit our website at: