Interactive Whiteboards Shannon Burns-Casimier Dr. Robert Hancock Walden University August 2012

What are Interactive Whiteboards? Interactive whiteboards (IWBs) are large displays that are used to connect to computers, projectors, overheads, and televisions.

An Interactive Whiteboard

Need for Interactive Whiteboards Creating video files used to teach a lesson, software application, and/or load a post on the web or server Digital storytelling Taking and storing notes Encouraging and motivating participants to actively engage in activities Visual images of thoughts/ideas Accommodates different learning styles Used in distance learning communities Developing higher order thinking skills and brainstorming skills Used to search global information/resources Used to share lesson plans, textbooks, graphics, and charts Teaching steps in math problems, diagramming activities, vocabulary terms Use the record feature to narrate informational text

IWBs promotes student centered learning

IWBs accommodate individual students’ needs

IWBs promote small group/collaborative tasks

IWBs encourage group discussions

Research In 1987, Nancy Knowlton and David Martin founded Smart Technologies in Calgary, AB, Canada In 1991, Smart Technology developed its first Smart Board Interactive Whiteboard. The first Interactive Whiteboard provided touch control of computer applications and standard Microsoft applications directly on the whiteboard. In 1992, Smart Technology collaborated and formed an alliance with Intel to form a join product development of the Interactive Whiteboard. The company introduced the Interactive Whiteboard to classroom settings, in corporate meetings, and globally around the world.

Development Prior to 1991, no one was familiar with the Interactive Whiteboards. Although early versions of the Interactive Whiteboard sought to enable lectures at a distance, there were the low-speed modems, early software and slow processors with little graphics capability. In 1992, the joint alliance of Smart Technologies and Intel developed and designed Interactive Whiteboards. Interactive Whiteboards were designed to both share information from a personal computer and to engage people in group environments. David Martin’s vision to broadened the dissemination of the message without having a mouse and keyboard, instead he developed an emerging mode of natural touch with the fingers.

Commercialization of Interactive Whiteboards In , the Interactive Whiteboards hit its biggest peak by selling 100,000 units in the UK. According to Futuresource, 2.6 million units have been sold in the UK by Vendors are concerned that due to funding being cut in schools, the demand for Interactive Whiteboards are being sold to health care agencies, companies, and corporations.

United Kingdom’s sales of IWBs

Rogers’ Five Stages of Innovation Decision Process Knowledge Stage The Interactive Whiteboards allow the shift in pedagogy for teachers to become more effective at reaching their students’ learning styles and meeting their students’ needs. Persuasion Stage Effective training of faculty and staff members to use the Interactive Whiteboard device and software products as well as also providing them with technical support. Decision Stage Research the effective use of the IWBs within the educational setting. Implementation Stage Advertising, Production, Manufacturing, and Technical Support Confirmation Stage Positive results which shows an increase in students’ performance and schools’ performance.

Knowledge Stage In 1987, Nancy Knowlton and David Martin founded Smart Technology in Calgary, AB, Canada. In 1991, Smart Technology developed its first Smart Board Interactive Whiteboard. The first Interactive Whiteboard provided touch control of computer applications and standard Microsoft applications directly on the whiteboard. History about SMART Technologies can be retrieved from

Early adopters of the IWBs and founders of Smart Technologies are Nancy Knowlton and David Martin.

Persuasion Stage In 1992, Smart Technology collaborated and formed an alliance with Intel to formed a joint product development of the Interactive Whiteboard. That same year, the company introduced the Interactive Whiteboard to classroom settings, in corporate meetings, and globally around the world. Information can be retrieved from

Decision Stage In 1992, Smart Technologies introduced the Interactive Whiteboard to classroom settings, in corporate meetings, and globally around the world. Information can be retrieved from interactive-whiteboards-workshops-and.html. interactive-whiteboards-workshops-and.html

Timeline of SMART Board Interactive Whiteboard

Implementation Stage 1994: Numonics established the 1 st pen-centric interactive whiteboard. 1997: Smart Technologies developed a collaborative software program called Smart Notebook. 2001: Recording software was developed as well as the ability to play videos, audio files, and record lessons and/or presentations. 2002: SMART Board became wireless. 2003: SMART Technology established its first online community for educators. 2004: Promethean designed ActiVotes as a learner response system. 2006: ActivBoard was developed. 2008: The 1 st SMART Table was created. 2009: Promethean created ActivInspire. 2011: 1 st solar-power IWB was developed. 2012: SMART released the 1 st four-touch IWB Information can be retrieved from ch. ch

Confirmation Stage Within the last twenty years, Interactive Whiteboards have become the leading the technology in educational settings. Interactive Whiteboards transforms classrooms from traditional nature to dynamic and integrative learning environment. Over 20 million students in more than 900,000 classrooms in more than 175 countries around the world are currently using SMART products. In the United Kingdom, over 70% of their classrooms uses IWBs. Netherlands and Denmark uses IWs within 40-42% of its schools. Australia, United States, Canada, Ireland, and Mexico uses IWBs in about 30% of their schools. Information can be retrieved from

S-Curve of Interactive Whiteboards

Sales of Interactive Whiteboards According to Futuresource Consulting, Interactive Whiteboards sales at 100% with over 3.6 million IWBs have been installed globally within classroom settings. Although there have been challenges to budgets and reductions to funding in the United States, the U.S. is still a very important market with classroom penetration levels at 35%.

Sales of Interactive Whiteboards Locations Global 47.4%47.2% United States 60.5% 63.1% (EMEA) Europe, Middle East, and Africa 41.5% 43.8%

Production, Manufacturing, Packaging, Marketing, and Distribution of IWBs Prices of Interactive Whiteboards may vary depending on the brand, its features, and the equipment needed to properly install the device. Prices start as low as $750 for just a whiteboard to $6,000 for a whole system. Information on prices and equipment can be retrieve from CPzNwIrcgJwCFQNbxwodYWbpTg. CPzNwIrcgJwCFQNbxwodYWbpTg

Early Adopters Nancy Knowlton and David Martin of SMART Technologies are early adopters of Interactive Whiteboards. Those educators who are technology savvy and are already familiar with implementing technology devices within their classroom curriculums. Also educators who adapt their lesson plans and classroom activities to meet the needs and learning styles of all students.

Strategies for Early Adopters Invite your colleagues (especially those who are not familiar with the Interactive Whiteboards and other technology devices) to come/observe your class as you demonstrate a lesson/activity with your students. Ask your colleagues if you can demonstrate a lesson/activity using the Interactive Whiteboard in their classroom with their students. Use Interactive Whiteboards during Team Meetings, Parent/Teacher Conferences, Departmental Meetings, Curriculum Meetings, etc. This will encourage, inspire, and motivate your colleagues to inquire about Interactive Whiteboards.

Laggards and Adoption Strategies Veteran educators who are not familiar with using any technology devices within their classroom curriculums. District Professional Workshops for faculty and staff members on how to effectively integrate technology devices into their classroom curriculums. Bi-weekly demonstrations by teachers modeling their class lessons and activities using Interactive Whiteboards.

Attributes for Meeting Critical Mass Compatibility- The traditional whiteboards to Interactive Whiteboards with more enhanced features. Trialability- Provide an Interactive Whiteboard pilot program/classroom within each school. Observability- Teachers and other staff members want/need to observe their colleagues effectively implementing and using the Interactive Whiteboard within their classrooms.

Diffusion in a Centralized System In order for Interactive Whiteboards to be adopted by the Board of Directors, IWBs will have to be diffused through a centralized system due to the lack of funding within school districts. If the government is involved in the diffusing aspect of Interactive Whiteboards, they will contribute the funding necessary for school districts to purchase the Interactive Whiteboards.

Key change agents and their roles in the educational field The Superintendents, Board Members, Principals, Assistant Principals, as well as Teachers are the key change agents within the educational field. As key change agents these individuals play a vital role in influencing their staff members’ attitudes and behaviors towards diffusing innovations. As key change agents, they can offer knowledgeable professional development workshops to their staff members on how to effectively implement Interactive Whiteboards into the classroom curriculums to accommodate all learning styles and to meet the needs of all students. Professional development workshops should display data/evidence showing how Interactive Whiteboards have made a positive impact on students’ academic performance. Key change agents should also ensure all questions and/or technical issues will be addressed by onsite Technical Support Personnel.

IWBs have met Critical Mass Interactive Whiteboards have met critical mass in the educational field on a global level. Over 1.6 million SMART Board interactive whiteboards have been installed throughout the world in education, businesses, government, and military settings.

IWBs are essential in education because the device: Accommodates students of all ages and their learning styles Encourages student engagement in small group and collaborative tasks/activities Promotes student centered learning experiences Motivates classroom participation and group discussions Allows teachers to easily create interactive lessons that meet the needs of all students Provides opportunities for teachers to integrate technology and computer software into classroom curriculums Allows teachers and students to save and print files

Champions of IWBs

The use of IWBs on students’ academic success According to Dr. Robert Marzano, research has shown the use of interactive whiteboards was associated with a 16 percentile point gain in student achievement. The use of graphics, charts, tables, and other visuals to represent information was associated with a 26 percentile point gain in student achievement. Interactive whiteboard applications reinforce academic contexts was associated with a 31 percentile point gain in student achievement.

Resourceful websites for using IWBs Interactive Resources: Topmarks Educational Search Engine: Kent ICT: eInstruction Interwrite CPS: Funbrain activities: MindShare Learning Report interview with Nancy Knowlton, co-founder of SMART Technology: How to use interactive whiteboards: h,ttp:// h,ttp://

References Armstrong, V., Barnes, S., Sutherland, R., Curran, S., Mills, S., & Thompson, I. (2005). Collaborative research methodology for investigating teaching and learning: The use of interactive whiteboard technology. Educational Review, 57(4), Beeland, J.W. (2002). Student engagement, visual learning, and technology: Can interactive whiteboards help? Information retrieved on August 7, 2012, from /beeland_am.pdf. /beeland_am.pdf Cuthell, J. P. (2005). The impact of interactive whiteboards on teaching, learning, and attainment. Proceedings of SITE 2005 (pp ). AACE: Phoenix, Arizona. Dhindsa, H. S., Emran, S. H. (2006, March). Use of the interactive whiteboard in constructivist teaching for higher student achievement. Proceedings of the Second Annual Conference for the Middle East Teachers of Science, Mathematics, and Computing, (pp ). Abu Dhabi. Electrics Whiteboards Warehouse. (n.d.). Information retrieved on August 7, 2012, from Futuresource Consulting. (2012). Education technology: Interactive displays quarterly insights. Information retrieved on August 7, 20102, from consulting.com/s_iwb.html. consulting.com/s_iwb.html Lamb, A. Engaging learners the smartboard way. Eduscape: A site for lifelong learners. Information retrieved on August 7, 2012 from

References Marzano, R. (2009, November 1). The Ubd exchange. Information retrieved on August 7, 2012 from, Educational Leadership: leadership/nov09/vol67/num03/Teaching-wi Miller, D., Glover, D., Averis, D. (2004). Motivation: The contribution of interactive whiteboards to teaching and learning mathematics. Information retrieved on August 7, 2012 from Painter, D. D., Whiting, E., & Wolters, B. (2005). The use of interactive whiteboards in promoting interactive teaching and learning. Virginia Society for Technology in Education, 19(2), Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations. New York, NY: New Press. Smart Education. SMART Technologies, Inc. Smart Technologies. Information retrieved on August , from SMART Technologies. (2012). 20 years of touch: our evolution. Information retrieved on August 7, 2012, from Vincenti, J. (2010). Smart technologies. Information retrieved on August 7, 2012, from Whalley, J. (2004). Ferl- Teaching interactively with electronic whiteboards. Ferl. Information retrieved on August 7, 2012, from