Ancient Egypt
vocabulary week #1
Nile River over 4,000 miles long Fertile Soil fertile soil desert Nile Uses: Drinking Fishing Cleaning Bathing Cooking Irrigation Kemet- black land, fertile land next to river Predictable flooding Every July-October
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cataracts-rapids In the beginning they had Hunters and Gatherers and Nomads Lower Egypt Memphis Upper Egypt Narmer: *Lower Egypt took over Upper Egypt and King Narmer ruled both in the city of Memphis *Memphis was in between both kingdoms, it became known as Narmer Dynasty
Old Kingdom Made people pay taxes was the law people obeyed because they thought he was son of Re (sun god) believed they needed strong leader to prosper Pharaoh’s
Old Kingdom Because they mummified they became specialists in medicine Mummified because they believed you needed a body for the afterlife Built to bury kings, the entrance always faced north Pyramids
Great Pyramid of Giza *Built for King Khufu Size of 9 football fields 1/7 Ancient Wonders of the World Worshipped many gods and goddesses (dieties) Re-Sun god and Hapi-Nile god Old Kingdom
Middle Kingdom No more pyramids, put tombs inside cliffs “VALLEY OF THE KINGS” Then the Hyksos (from Asia) fought Egypt and won. Hyksos had chariots and stronger weapons. Hyksos ruled for 150 years Prince Ahmose led people in Egypt to uprise and chased Hyksos out of Egypt (this started New Kingdom)
King Tut mask
New Kingdom 1500 Prince Ahmose 1473 Queen Hatsheput-very beautiful queen who wore mens clothing. She built up trade (wood) and built many temples Thutmose III -conquered lands and enslaved the people. Destroyed all of aunts temples that she built Amenhotep IV- got rid of all the gods except one called Aton/Aten. He was so focused on his one god that he let his other duties slide and he was attacked and conquered
New Kingdom King Tut (mask) -Tutankhamen - most famous King because they found his tomb in 1922 by Howard Carter. He was only 10 years old when he took the throne and he died at 19. He reestablished the old religion of many gods 1200 Rameses-(AKA Rameses the Great) regained lands and rebuilt empire. Rebuilt Sphinx (lion body and person head). Had over 100 children *Temples were houses for the gods and to store treasures *Most common people prayed at home
Kush 2000 BC settlers in Nubia (hunters and gatherers) Kerma-was a powerful village, had strong warriors, that took over weaker villages Thutmose III (new kingdom) attacked Kerma and won. Egypt controlled this area for 700 years 850 BC King Kashta (Kush) started battle with Egypt, died in battle and his son (Piye) finished the battle. Kush won and had control over Egypt 600 BC Assyrians (Sargon the Great) took over Egypt
Kush moved out of reach of the Assyrians to a new city called Meroe Meroe became a HUGE trade city Memphis IRON Kush/N ubia Meroe- trade Meritterean Sea delta