Library & Bookstore Navigation using RFID grid ACE B4 dra 親 richie 卒論最終発表

Introduction  The book-searching navigation at the library or bookstore, run on hand-held device, use RFID grid for obtaining location.

Background  In common library & bookstore :  Large quantity of books and bookcases (normally sorted by their specialty)  Simple searching system Web system Inner system

Problem  Result from normal searching system  A code of the book Ex: at SFC Media Center  An estimated location of the destination Ex: Literature or Science or Language space  Guide information is not detail enough !  User:  Go in a wrong way to reach the target  Get lost inside a ton of books and bookcases

Purpose  Creating the navigation that has a more visual look of bookcases, locations and floor map.  Help user taking more initiative in search process

Scenario (1/3)  Input name of the book  Get a view of target location

Scenario (2/3)  Find & read nearby bookcase’s RFID tag  Get current location and a route to target

Scenario (3/3)  Go to target bookcase & read its RFID tag  Get a notification of the book location

Local Positioning System (1/2)  Overview  A recent research area that generates a large number of new designs  Classification  Network based positioning system: using sensor networks to locate & track user position RFID, Bluetooth, WiFi, Ultra Wide Band,...  Independent positioning system: current position is estimated from a previously position using some measurements Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems,...

Local Positioning System (2/2)  RFID vs other technologies TechnologyProcessingAccuracyAdvantagesLimitation RFID Cell identity Relative to cell size Simple & compatible with handset Number and size of cells WIFIAngle of arrival Up to 50m2 AP provide positionMultipath AP antenna quality Time difference of arrival 1-30mGood accuracyMultipath, Network synchronisation Receiver signal strength 1-5mHigh accuracyCreation of RSS database Ultra Wide Band Angle of arrival Few decimetres2 AP provide position High accuracy AP antenna quality Time difference of arrival Few decimetresHigh accuracyHigh AP density Micro Electro Mechanical System Dead reckoning sensors 5% of travelled distance Autonomous Position always possible Large error Accuracy affected by sensors

Related works (1/2)  Positioning system using RFID  Scooter Willis and Sumi Helal - Computer & Information Science & Engineering Department - University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA : RFID Information Grid for Blind Navigation and Way finding A navigation and location determination system for the blind using an RFID tag grid.  R.Tesoriero, J.A.Gallud, M.Lozano, and V.M.R.Penichet: Using Active and Passive RFID Technology to Support Indoor Location- Aware Systems A system environment based on both active and passive RFID technology which supports the automatic positioning of mobile devices in closed spaces.

Related Works (2/2)  Document management using RFID  NEC Hong Kong Limited : NEC RFID Document Tracking System A system of keeping track of the important documents, expensive office equipments and valuable assets

Approach (1/2)  Import structure information of the library or bookstore.  Floor map  Order rule of the books

Approach (2/2)  Set up RFID tag for each bookcase & RFID reader for hand-held device  Set up RFID tag for each

Flow method Making database before searchingObtaining route to targetObtaining book’s location in target bookcase

Making database (1/3)  Database of floormap  Collect bookcases information Id Location information Adjacent bookcases  Match with RFID tag installed on bookcase, create RFID data Table  Used for building a graph which vertices related to bookcases

Making database (2/3)  Database of books and bookcases  Collect each bookcase inside information Row number Column number Each shelf structure  Creat Bookcase data Table  Used for obtaining book’s location in target bookcase

Making database (3/3)  Structure database design

Obtaining route (1/2)  Gathering target location  Get name of the wanted book  Access books & bookcases database, obtain the target bookcase information (id, location)  Gathering current location  Read nearby RFID tag & analyse data  Access floor map database & match id

Obtaining route (2/2)  Finding the shortest path  Map current and target location with vertices of graph  Use routing algorithm to find the shortest path between two vertices Dijkstra algorithm

Obtaining book location  Verify that user have reached the target bookcase by information from RFID tag  Obtain book’s location in target bookcase from book id and bookcase structure data

System Architecture User Locating Module Routing Module Target Locating Module Read RFID tag Get book name Display Module Data Base Tag ID Name Current location Destination Graph Route Nearby Bookcase Target Bookcase

Implementation (1/2)  Hardware environment  Vaio PC type U  ASI4000USB RFID reader/writer  Passive RFID tags

Implementation (2/2)  Software enviroment  Communicating with ASI4000 RFID R/W Part Language : Visual Basic Tool : Microsoft Visual Studio 2010  Navigation Part Language : Java Tool : NetBean IDE  Data transfered between two part through socket using network programming.

Experiment environment  Place  SFC Media Center 3F  About 30 bookcases  Equipment install  1 RFID tag to each bookcase  create the grid of RFID tags

Evaluation policy  Evaluation policy  Navigation effect : accuracy of result, speed and time saving, improvement or advantages with other system  Software Usability: interact with environment, operation and interface  User feeling: pleasure or trouble when using  Evaluation method  Use questionnaire and analyse statistics  Take & compare searching time

Result (1/4) – Navigation effect  All tester rate Good for accuracy of result  User usually get lost when using OPAC but not in this navigation  All tester agree that this navigation help user taking more initiative in searching process

Result (2/4) – Time Comparing  Find target bookcase  Save 41.7% time in average  Find wanted book  Save 43.9% time in average

Result (3/4) – Time Comparing  Whole process  Save 48.2% time searching in average

Result (4/4) – Sotfware usability  Allmost of tester think it’s easy to understand guide from navigation, to find and read RFID data. 70% tester feel no trouble with short range interact with passive tag  All of tester agree that easy to use this navigation when walking

Conclusion  Proposed the book-searching navigation run on hand-held devices.  Key clause :  helping user taking more initiative  changing library environment to ubiquitous space  simple using and high usability application  common and low cost device