Preview Describe the meaning of REFORM

Today1.29 Target: Target: We will learn to evaluate the impact of reform movements ■ Success:. ■ Success: I will analyze documents of each reform movement and evaluate their impact in a summary statement..

What is Reform? Reform means to change. Social reform is an organized attempt to improve what may be unjust or imperfect in society. The mid-1800s had several reforms in education, women’s rights, alcohol consumption, treatment of inmates, the mentally ill, and push to end slavery.

What Led People to Reform? A revival of Christianity (Second Great Awakening) People were taught to reform their lives Salvation depends on doing good for others

Practice

Reform Stations 6 Total stations 10 minutes each. Complete each section of the chart.

Preview1.28 Pick up your notebook and a reading. Pick up your notebook and a reading. Target: We will learn to identify ways conflicts between people from various racial, ethnic, and religious groups were resolved. Target: We will learn to identify ways conflicts between people from various racial, ethnic, and religious groups were resolved. ■ Success: I will complete a RTPSW and explain the importance of each new way of living. THINK: What is conflict?

Small Group Talk 30 Second Think : Imagine that you are in a group that is always picked on. What would you do to avoid being picked on(without using violence)? How does this relate to U.S. History? Talk: Turn and face your partner. Partner A= 30 Seconds Partner B= 30 Seconds Share: TURN AND FACE THE PERSON SPEAKING

Resolved Conflict Native Americans: Forced to move west of the Mississippi R. Dawes Act of broke up Indian Reservation for sale to individuals. Mormons: Faced serious persecution. Moved West by Brigham Young toward Utah to escape persecution.

Reading Purpose: To understand the changes of life for Native Americans Strategy: “Notice and Note” Create a list detailing how the Natives were to live on land promised to them

Small Group Talk 30 Second Think : What was the effect of the Dawes Act to Native Americans? Do you support this decision? Defend your answer. Talk: Turn and face your partner. Partner A= 30 Seconds Partner B= 30 Seconds Share: TURN AND FACE THE PERSON SPEAKING

Vocabulary EXPERT 30 second THINK 2 Minutes: Create a definition in your own words of what you think the word describes. TALK 3 Minutes: Find 5 other people on the opposite side of the class to VERIFY your description of the word. EXPLAIN to the class the meaning of your word.

Vocabulary 45

PRACTICE

Preview1.27 Pick up a reading from the back table. Target: We will learn to explain the relationship between urbanization and conflicts resulting from differences in religion, social class, and political beliefs. Success: I will read and explain issues involving different social classes given a scenario. THINK: Describe URBANIZATION

Small Group Talk 30 Second Think : You are a new immigrant to America. Imagine you had a job that was important to the growth of the country. You were treated poorly. How would you react? Talk: Turn and face your partner. Partner A= 30 Seconds Partner B= 30 Seconds SHARE: Face the person that is talking.

Reading Purpose: To understand the difficulties the immigrants had living and working in the United States. Strategy: “Notice and Note” Create a list detailing 5 different problems new immigrants faced

Reading Discussion 3 minutes: With your partner discuss your lists you created, and add to it, if you’re missing any

Tenement Living Immigrant families Immigrant families Entire families living in 1 room Entire families living in 1 room Room size was often 25’ wide and 100’ long Room size was often 25’ wide and 100’ long No ventilation No ventilation Often no running water or indoor plumbing Often no running water or indoor plumbing Little or no electricity Little or no electricity

Exit Ticket 30 Second Think : If you were an immigrant, would you culturally assimilate to your new place of living/country or maintain your ethnic identity? (Cultural Assimilation-to adopt your new culture's way of life, imitate their living) Write: Pick a side and defend your answer. Minimum of 2 reasons, 3-4 or more sentences

PRACTICE

Preview1.26 Grab your notebook and a chart from the back table. Also, make sure you have a highlighter or marker Target: We will learn to identify and compare the effects of congressional compromises from Clay, Calhoun and Webster. Success: I will analyze a list of 19 th century viewpoints and compare their effects. Think: What is a Compromise ?

9. Which best describes John C. Calhoun’s views on states’ rights? A. A state legislature can declare a law it believes to be unconstitutional as null and void within its borders. B. Only the U.S. Supreme Court can declare a federal law to be unconstitutional. C. The federal government was created by the American people and therefore no state has the right to leave it. D. Each state should be free to conduct its own foreign policy without the interference of the federal government

Practice-Westward Expansion

Small Group Talk 30 Second Think : Based on the previous map, how did the Missouri Compromise handle the issue of slavery in the U.S. Congress? Talk: Turn and face your partner. Partner A= 30 Seconds Partner B= 30 Seconds SHARE: Face the person that is talking.

Small Group Talk 30 Second Think : Why did the admission of California to the Union spark a heated debate? Talk: Turn and face your partner. Partner A= 30 Seconds Partner B= 30 Seconds SHARE: Face the person that is talking.

Leaders of Compromise

Read: Take 3 minutes to read the chart. Choose (1 minute): Which leader’s ideas would you most identify with? Circle or Highlight. Explain (30 seconds A/B): “Turn and Talk” to your partner. Write and Defend (3 minutes): Why do you support these viewpoints? (2-3 sentences) 44

Practice

Small Group Talk 30 Second Think : What did the disagreement over issues of statehood ultimately lead to? Talk: Turn and face your partner. Partner A= 30 Seconds Partner B= 30 Seconds SHARE: Face the person that is talking.

Frederick Douglass Harriet Tubman Harriet Beecher Stowe

Monday March 17 th, 2014 Think about the following question, “What 3 issues were being reformed in the middle of the 1800s?” “What 3 issues were being reformed in the middle of the 1800s?”

Word of the Day… Underground Railroad

Frederick Douglass Harriet Tubman Harriet Beecher Stowe

Era of Reform How were people affected by the issue of slavery in the United States? How were people affected by the issue of slavery in the United States?

Thursday April 4 th Who was the most important leader of the Underground Railroad? A Harriet Tubman B William Lloyd Garrison C Phillis Wheatley D Sarah Grimké Pick up a Leaders of Reform chart from the back table

Question of the Day What is an Abolitionist? What is an Abolitionist?

The Agricultural Revolution Cyrus McCormick invents the mechanical reaper that can do the work of five men Cyrus McCormick invents the mechanical reaper that can do the work of five men John Deere invents the steel plow that made farming easier and quicker John Deere invents the steel plow that made farming easier and quicker

Communication Improves Samuel Morse invents the telegraph that transmitted codes through wire Samuel Morse invents the telegraph that transmitted codes through wire People could now send messages to people from far distances People could now send messages to people from far distances

Morse Code… Can You Code It? 1. Write your first name. 2. Write your last name. 3. What subject is this class? 4. What is your favorite color? 5. What month is it? 6. Which food would you rather eat… Pizza, ice cream, queso, candy, cookies

Locomotives Railroads extended across the country Railroads extended across the country Steam-powered locomotives transported people and cargo Steam-powered locomotives transported people and cargo By 1850, railroads connected to the west connected the entire country By 1850, railroads connected to the west connected the entire country

The Steamboat Robert Fulton creates the steamboat that transports people and cargo on water Robert Fulton creates the steamboat that transports people and cargo on water The first successful steamboat to transport people was called the Clermont The first successful steamboat to transport people was called the Clermont

What is Reform? Reform means to change. Social reform is an organized attempt to improve what may be unjust or imperfect in society. The mid-1800s had several reforms in education, women’s rights, alcohol consumption, treatment of inmates, the mentally ill, and push to end slavery.

What Led People to Reform? A revival of Christianity (Second Great Awakening) A revival of Christianity (Second Great Awakening) People were taught to reform their lives People were taught to reform their lives Salvation depends on doing good for others Salvation depends on doing good for others

Education – Horace Mann In 1800, few children went to school. In 1800, few children went to school. Mann believed a republic required educated citizens. Mann believed a republic required educated citizens. Only white boys were educated, at first. Only white boys were educated, at first. Later girls and much later minorities. Later girls and much later minorities. Schools were separated based on color. Schools were separated based on color. Not until the 1960s would schools be equal. Not until the 1960s would schools be equal.

Helping the Mentally Ill The mentally ill were in small dark cells and treated as outcasts of society The mentally ill were in small dark cells and treated as outcasts of society Dorothea Dix, a schoolteacher, convinced state legislators to improve conditions for the mentally ill. Dorothea Dix, a schoolteacher, convinced state legislators to improve conditions for the mentally ill.

Changing the Prison System Inmates (including women and children) were crammed into small cells and sometimes not given food. Inmates (including women and children) were crammed into small cells and sometimes not given food. Debtors were thrown into prison for years, unable to pay back their debts Debtors were thrown into prison for years, unable to pay back their debts Dorothea Dix wrote reports to state legislators and helped to improve prison conditions. Dorothea Dix wrote reports to state legislators and helped to improve prison conditions.

Women’s Rights – Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton Women had no rights, were property of their husbands or fathers. Women had no rights, were property of their husbands or fathers. Seneca Falls Convention – Women declared their Declaration of Sentiments. Seneca Falls Convention – Women declared their Declaration of Sentiments. Equality for women in work, school and church Equality for women in work, school and church The right to own property and vote The right to own property and vote Women would be denied these rights for another 100 years. Women would be denied these rights for another 100 years.

Abolitionist – William Lloyd Garrison Editor of The Liberator, an abolitionist anti-slavery newspaper Editor of The Liberator, an abolitionist anti-slavery newspaper Demanded the freeing of the slaves Demanded the freeing of the slaves Kept the newspaper going until the slaves were free Kept the newspaper going until the slaves were free

Sojourner Truth Slave, abolitionist and women’s rights activist Slave, abolitionist and women’s rights activist “Ain’t I a Woman?” speech “Ain’t I a Woman?” speech Met President Lincoln Met President Lincoln Spent the rest of her life working for the rights of women and African Americans Spent the rest of her life working for the rights of women and African Americans

Abolitionist – Frederick Douglass Escaped slave, self-educated Escaped slave, self-educated Fought for equal rights for all Fought for equal rights for all Subscribed to The Liberator and became friends with Garrison Subscribed to The Liberator and became friends with Garrison

Frederick Douglass Started his own newspaper, the North Star Started his own newspaper, the North Star Wrote an autobiography of his life, it became a bestseller, detailed the horrors of slavery Wrote an autobiography of his life, it became a bestseller, detailed the horrors of slavery Rest of his life, spoke around the world about equality and freedom Rest of his life, spoke around the world about equality and freedom

Abolitionist – Harriet Tubman Former slave and Union spy Former slave and Union spy Made 13 rescue missions to help slaves escape from the South (nicknamed: The Underground Railroad) Made 13 rescue missions to help slaves escape from the South (nicknamed: The Underground Railroad)

Harriet Tubman Her fellow African Americans gave her the nickname “Moses” because she led them to freedom Her fellow African Americans gave her the nickname “Moses” because she led them to freedom Risked her life many times Risked her life many times After Civil War, worked for women’s rights After Civil War, worked for women’s rights

Monday April 1 st 2013 Shays’ Rebellion of 1786 resulted in increased support for A creating a U.S. Bill of Rights. B revising the Articles of Confederation. C writing the Declaration of Independence. D approving the Missouri Compromise.

Leaders of Reform Short Stories Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth. Harriet Tubman, Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth. Pick up one story at a time from the back table. Pick up one story at a time from the back table. Read the short story quietly to yourself Read the short story quietly to yourself On the reform chart, list 3 facts about the Leader of reform On the reform chart, list 3 facts about the Leader of reform When finished, put the stories on the back table in the folder When finished, put the stories on the back table in the folder Turn in your completed reform chart to me. Turn in your completed reform chart to me.

Tuesday March 18 th 2014 Pick up both maps from the back table. Pick up both maps from the back table. No Notebooks today. No Notebooks today. Think about the following question, “If you lived in the South, what opinions would you have about new states being added to the United States? What major issue would there be with adding these new states?” Think about the following question, “If you lived in the South, what opinions would you have about new states being added to the United States? What major issue would there be with adding these new states?”

Word of the Day… Missouri Compromise 1820

Compromise of 1850

North or South?

Geography Challenge! Use the double-sided map to label and answer the questions. Use the double-sided map to label and answer the questions. Be sure to read ALL DIRECTIONS! Be sure to read ALL DIRECTIONS! 25 minutes 25 minutes

S.Q.D. Prior to the Civil War, which group had the most political power in the South? A plantation owners B cattle ranchers C urban merchants D religious officials