Vectors A quantity which has both magnitude and direction is called a vector. Vector notations A B a AB = a AB x and y are the components of vector AB.

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Vectors A quantity which has both magnitude and direction is called a vector. Vector notations A B a AB = a AB x and y are the components of vector AB. P Q b Equal vectors AB = PQ They have the same magnitude and the same direction.

Addition and subtraction of vectors P Q P+Q P Q

Addition and subtraction of vectors P Q P Q P-Q -Q P-Q

Scalar multiplication a b b a b = 3a c c c = -2a

Example A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T The diagram shows four sets of equally-spaced parallel lines. Given that and that Express the following vectors in terms of a and b.

Example Given that vectors a and b are not parallel, state whether or not each of the following pairs of vectors are parallel.