CELLULAR RESPIRATION includes: ______________________ _______________________  Warm-up 10/27 GLYCOLYSIS ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN KREBS CYCLE

 Cellular Respiration Review  Fermentation  HW: pp , p.18  PRE-STANDARD p Due Wednesday  Standard 3A Thursday

Summary of Cellular Respiration p.16 ReactionLocationPurposeATP YIELD Glycolysis Kreb Cycle Electron Transport Chain CYTOPLASM SPLIT Glucose into 2 Pyruvate 2 ATP MATRIX USE PYRUVATE YIELDS CO2 FILLS ELECTRON CARRIERS 2 ATP CRISTAE INNER MEMBRANE 32 ATP CONVERT ELECTRONS TO ATP, O2 accepts electrons = WATER

Glucose Glycolysis Cytoplasm Pyruvic acid Electrons carried in NADH Krebs Cycle Electrons carried in NADH and FADH 2 Electron Transport Chain Mitochondrion WHATS THE BIG PICTURE? 2232 Total 36

GLYCOLYSIS Happens in ___________ Breaks down ________ into ________________ Produces _______ __________ 2 CYTOPLASM outside mitochondria 1 glucose 2 2 pyruvic acid (pyruvate)

KREBS CYCLE happens in ________________ Breaks down _________________ Produces: ____ ____ ___ ___ MATRIX inside mitochondria 2 pyruvic acid

ELECTRON TRANSPORT Enzymes found in _____________ Uses high energy electrons and H + ions donated by ______ and _______ Makes ___________ ________ acts a final electron acceptor to produce _______ cristae inner membrane NADH FADH 2 OXYGEN H 2 O 32 (net) ATP

Glucose Glycolysis Cytoplasm Pyruvic acid Electrons carried in NADH Krebs Cycle Electrons carried in NADH and FADH 2 Electron Transport Chain Mitochondrion WHATS THE BIG PICTURE? 2232 Total 36

CELLULAR RESPIRATION (aerobic/ with oxygen): 1 glucose → _______________ FERMENTATION (anaerobic/ without oxygen): 1 glucose → ________________ 36 ATP 2 ATP

PYRUVIC ACID MOVES TO NEXT STEP IF THERE IS NO OXYGEN (______________) IF THERE IS OXYGEN (_____________) = ANAEROBIC = AEROBIC

PYRUVIC ACID _________ OXYGEN 2 kinds of fermentation _________________ & __________________ ANAEROBIC Alcoholic Lactic acid WITHOUT

_______ +_______ →______________ + ________ LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION PYRUVIC ACID LACTIC ACID Happens in ________ during ________ when body can’t get oxygen to tissues fast enough. Lactic acid builds up in muscles causing soreness NAD + exercisemuscles

________ +_______ →______________ + ________ LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION PYRUVIC ACID LACTIC ACID Happens when bacteria are used to make ______ and _______ _____ like: Yogurt, buttermilk, sauerkraut, pickles, cheese sour cream, & kimchi NAD food beverages

1. Lactic Acid Fermentation  Produced by muscles for short bursts of energy  Used to make cheese, yogurt, sauerkraut

_______ + _____ → __________ + _______ + _________ ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION PYRUVIC ACID ALCOHOL Happens when yeast makes bread dough Rise CO 2 bubbles make _________ in bread Alcohol _________ during cooking CO 2 NAD + air spaces evaporates

_______ +_________ →__________ + _______ + ________ ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION PYRUVIC ACID ALCOHOL Happens when _______ make _____ or _______ make ______ CO 2 NAD + yeast beer bacteria wine

2. Alcoholic Fermentation  Produced by bacteria and yeast when no O2  Used to make beer and wine

WHY DO FERMENTATION? WHY NOT JUST KEEP MAKING ATP USING GLYCOLYSIS? builds up NAD + WITHOUT OXYGEN, PYRUVIC ACID _________ and all the _______ carriers get full. Eventually glycolysis will

______ +_____ →__________ + ____ + _____ FERMENTATION HAPPENS so cells can ___________________ needed to keep glycolysis going PYRUVIC ACID ALCOHOL → CO 2 NAD + REGENERATE the NAD + LACTIC ACID NAD + → You get the NAD + carriers back ______

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Animation: Fermentation Overview Right click on animation / Click play

 Crash Course   Bozeman 

 Pp  P.18  Pre-Standard pp. 1—21 Due Wednesday  Standard 3A Thursday

1. How do organisms get energy in environments that do have oxygen? 2. How do organisms get energy in environments that do not have oxygen? 3. What are the two different pathways in 2? Cellular Respiration (glycolysis only if no mitochondria) Fermentation Alcoholic and Lactic Acid

 What are the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?  Where does photosynthesis take place?  Chloroplast  Where does cellular respiration take place?  Mitochonria ___________ + _________ + ___________ → _______________ + __________ 6 CO 2 6 H 2 OC 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 _____________ + _________ → ________ + __________ + __________ C 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 6 CO 2 6 H 2 O

 Compare Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration  Pictionary/Taboo  Hand in Pre-Standard

 Team A  One Player Draws  Others Guess  Keep cards that are guessed  Return cards not guessed to pile  Team B  Keep time 3 minutes  Make sure no talking or gesturing from drawer  Can participate on All play words

Team A  One reader  Rest of team guesses  Keep score of how many cards are guessed  Switch Turns Team B  Keep time (2 minutes)  Object when Taboo word is used  Switch Turns

 Stay in your table teams  Switch Games when told  Keep tally of total # of words guessed for both games

 Fermentation Lab  Hand-in Pre-Standard

 Yeast + Sucrose = ?  Will use up O 2 first then ……..  What is the effect of different concentrations of sucrose on rate of fermentation?  What are the bubbles?  DO NOT THROW AWAY BALLOONS!!!!

_______ +_________ →__________ + _______ + ________ ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION PYRUVIC ACID ALCOHOL Happens when _______ make _____ or _______ make ______ CO 2 NAD + yeast beer bacteria wine

___________ + _________ + ___________ → _______________ + __________ 6 CO 2 6 H 2 OC 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 _____________ + _________ → ________ + __________ + __________ ______________________________________________________________ CELLULAR RESPIRATION C 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 6 CO 2 6 H 2 O The two equations are exact opposites!

Label reactants and products for photosynthesis: #1 = ___________________ #2 = ___________________ #3 = ___________________ #4 = ___________________ #5 = ___________________ Carbon dioxide WATER OXYGEN SUGAR Light energy

 Fermentation Lab  3A Standard Thursday 10/30  HW: PRE-STANDARD pp  DUE Wednesday  To be handed in

Carbon Dioxide 7 5

Light-Dependent Reaction Light- Independent Reactions Light & Water Oxygen ATP NADPH Carbon Dioxide Glucose Sugar Carbon Dioxide

LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION Requires ______________ Molecules are part of ________________ Made up of __________________ connected by ______________________ & ___________________ Uses light energy to change ADP + P → _______ NADP + + 2e - + H + → _________ Breaks apart ______ molecules and releases _____________ LIGHT ATP THYLAKOID membranes PHOTOSYSTEMS II & I ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN NADPH H20H20 oxygen ATP SYNTHASE

CALVIN CYCLE (also called _________________________) ____________ require ____________ Happens in _________ between thylakoids NADPH donates _______________ ATP donates ____________ CO 2 donates ______________ to make __________ LIGHT LIGHT INDEPENDENT ENERGY STROMA Hydrogen + electrons Carbon & oxygen GLUCOSE DOES NOT

Spinach disks float when they photosynthesize 1. What gas are they producing? 2. Summarize what this graph is showing regarding the rate of photosynthesis.

 Standard 3A  Intro to 4A DNA and Protein Synthesis