Intro to Structure and Function

Directional Orientation Guiding Questions: 1. What does directional orientation tell you about a patient? 2. Make a chart of the various directional orientation terms 3. Why would a veterinarian and a doctor have a disagreement about the words anterior, ventral, posterior, and dorsal?

Why get so technical?  Communicates precise information  Used in procedures, therapies

Directional Orientation Explains a particular view of a person/subject

Biped vs. Quadruped

Directional Planes Guiding Questions: 1. How are directional planes different from directional orientation terms? 2. Make a chart of the various directional planes terms

Directional Planes Views of imaginary lines sliced through a person/subject “Midsagittal” Plane

Positions Guiding Questions: 1. What do position terms indicate? 2. Why do you think there are so many different positions?

Some Positional Examples  Dorsal recumbent  Knee-chest  Lithotomy  Sim’s  Sitting  Trendelenberg Mod.

Why so many positions to know?  Trendelenberg Allows better access to the pelvic organs as gravity pulls the intestines away from the pelvis Increases blood flow to the brain  Sitting Examination of heart, lungs, head, eyes, ears, nose throat

More positions:  Fowler’s position Promote drainage or ease breathing Upper body may be reclined  Knee-chest position Used for rectal and vaginal examinations and as treatment to bring uterus into normal position

Even more positions!  Dorsal recumbent Vaginal examinations Obstetrical forceps  Supine – Palpating internal organs, front of body

Almost done!  Prone Used to examine spine and back, legs  Sim’s used for rectal examination, treatments and enemas  Lithotomy Examination of pelvic organs

A little practice…  Work through the different slides herehere