Inspection on farms – experiences from Denmark The danish approach to IPPC on livestock farming by Peter Dorff Hansen Environmental Division Ringsted Municipality

Main environmental problems Odour problem (from the farm or the field) Noise (animals, transport, field) Surface water (manure/slurry) Groundwater (pesticides, oil, manure/slurry) Emissions of ammonia gas (nature) Emissions of greenhouse gases (CO 2, CH 4 )

Regulation in relation to….. Regional planning - County Council Terms in approval - Municipality BREF-note (Best Available Techniques) National legal notice – EPA Case to case assessment and decision in relation to pollution prevention

Regional Planning Assesment of environmental impact from project in relation to: Nature, culture/landscape, groundwater, rivers/lakes etc. Council Directive 85/337/EEC of 27 June 1985 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment

Environmental approval Size, type and composition of livestock Activities and techniques Odour assesment Noise assesment Wastewater treatment

Size and composition of livestock Capacity of farm - size of buildings Production level Composition of animals (weight, number) Documentation on production level (deliverance to slaughtery)

Activities and techniques Map of location (buildings, size, function) Housing system – heating, ventilation Feeding system Drinkwater supply Storagesystem for manure/slurry

Odour assesment Emission on odour depends on: Type of livestock Size of livestock Outside temperature (climate) (Feeding system, technology, handling…)

Odour emissions from livestock (unit/sec pr kg) SpeciesAverage emission Worst case (summer) Cattle2540 Poultry80120 Pigs Piglet Fattening pig Sow

Differencies in tolerance Area no. I: Town areas(1 unit/m 3 ) Area no. II: Villages (3 unit/m 3 ) Area no. III: Rural areas(10 unit/m 3 ) Example on odour assessment based on ”Guidelines on assessment of odour and reducing of inconviniences from livestocks”

Noise assesment – guidelines on accepted noiselevel in rural areas Monday – Friday Saturday Monday – Friday Saturday Sunday All days dB (A)45 dB (A)45 dB (A) – (max. 55 dB (A) )

Wastewater treatment Individual approval on wastewater Oil separated and led to closed tank Spread on fields – on certain conditions

Applied techniques and BAT The intensive Rearing of Poultry and Pigs BREF (Best Available Techniques reference document), July /brefs/ilf_final_0703.pdf

Danish EPA - Legal notice on livestock farming Limits on distance Restrictions on handling and storage of manure and slurry Limits on density of animals pr. hectare Restrictions on handling and storage of chemicals Obligation on inform in case of changes/expanding

Limits on distance > 50 meters to neighbors Only in rural areas (not town/village areas) More than 300 m to village Demands on distance to watersupply, rivers, public roads, buildings, food industry

Handling and storage of manure/slurry Min. 9 month storage capacity Demands on storage construction and control Cover on storage Restriction on spreading (not in weekends, not from harvest to february) Demands to spreading equipment

Limits on density of animals Demands on owned field area: <4200 pigs  25 % pigs  60 % >8750 pigs  100 % Demands on harmonie livestock/field size: Max. 49 pigs pr. hectare

Restrictions in relation to chemicals Education and certificate for user Updated list on approved pesticides Safe storage Cleaning in field

New techniques – coming up Acid additives to slurry – Saving nutrient (Ammonia – NH 3 ) Biofilter – air cleaning system Ozone – air cleaning system

Final Remarks To day - Most environmental problems can/must be solved at the moment of location and/or changes In future – assesment on effect of new techniques (experiences and documentation)