Roadway Safety Panel How can ITS assist in bridging vehicle technology with roadway design and function?

Acknowledgements: FHWA – ITS Office Jeff Paniati Bill Jones

National Safety Challenge Nearly 43,000 deaths per year from automobile accidents 3 million people injured Automobile accidents cost $230B Federal & State DOT Goal: reduce fatalities to fewer than 1 per every 100 million vehicle miles traveled by 2008 ITS America has established a vision for zero fatalities Most collisions in the US happen: Rear-End, Road Departure, Intersection Collision, Lane Change/Merge – these are preventable Source: US DOT

Current Research

Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI) Reduce motor vehicle crashes by accelerating the development of driver assistance safety products

Major IVI Initiatives Naturalistic Driver Study Rear End Collision Avoidance System Field Operational Test Road Departure Collision Avoidance System Field Operational Test Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative Intersection Research

IVI RESULTS Auto Companies Concluded: Vehicle/Infrastructure Cooperation is Essential For Intersection Collision Prevention Lane Departure Prevention These 2 Account for 75% of Vehicle Crashes

New Opportunity

Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) Confluence of three areas…. Intelligent Vehicle Initiative – crash avoidance Emphasis on improved operations Evolution in telecommunications technology USDOT and auto companies have concluded vehicle/infrastructure cooperation is preferred for – Intersection collision prevention – Road departure prevention These 2 Account for 50% of Crashes and Fatalities on Our Roads IVI research is leading toward vehicle/infrastructure-based crash prevention technology solutions for these problems Evolution in Telecom Technology: • FCC has allocated 75MHz for – Safety Applications (1st priority) – Private Applications • DSRC Key Standards complete • FCC will rule on licensing this year (2003) • Testing new DSRC devices in 2004

The Concept A cooperative public-private venture between auto industry and the USDOT / State Departments of Transportation Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) install communications link in all new vehicles On Board Units (OBU) Public sector facilitates installation of communications link on roadside Road Side Units (RSU)

Equal Opportunity PUBLIC SECTOR Obtain Data on Roadways to Improve Operations, Maint., etc. -- Implement Early Safety Features Ultimately Crash Prevention PRIVATE SECTOR Auto Companies A New Business – Services to Their Customers & Safer Vehicles Other Businesses

VII Communications Private Sector Uses Communication Hot Spot (DSRC) Data Base Uses Communication Hot Spot (DSRC) Satellite to Traffic Management Center (TMC) Vehicle (GPS) • Key Players – USDOT, AASHTO, auto companies • Working Group In Place – High level requirements defined – Defining data and communication requirements • Initiating DSRC Test Program Vehicle - to - Vehicle - Roadside to - Vehicle (DSRC) ( DSRC)

Vehicle to Roadside Communication -- DSRC FCC has allocated 75MHz for – Safety Applications (1st priority) – Private Applications DSRC Key Standards Complete FCC ruled on licensing (Dec., 2003) Testing new DSRC devices in 2004

HOW IS DATA USED BY PUBLIC SECTOR Safety - Early Uses Intersection Collision Warning Emergency Vehicle Signal Pre-emption Safety - Later Intersection Collision Prevention Lane Departure Prevention

HOW IS DATA USED BY PRIVATE SECTOR Auto Co.s Provide Services to Drivers (Their Customers) Traveler Info Drive-Thru Payment – Gas, Food, Banking Download Files, Infotainment Diagnostic Data

Expected VII Benefits Enables safety applications Provides data – key to improved mobility Enables new private businesses Safety Applications • Crash Prevention: Intersection and road departure • Emergency Response: Detection and response Data for Improved Mobility • With sensors now on vehicles that can record location, speed, acceleration, temperature, braking, wipers, etc. • Transportation agencies know – Vehicle speed and travel time on all roads – Weather/road conditions on all roads Enables key traffic management tools - Freeway Management - Weather response - Arterial Management - Winter road maintenance - Incident Response - Signal priority – transit and emergency vehicles - Work Zone Notification - Traffic Information to Travelers Enables New Private Businesses • Auto companies provide services to drivers – Traveler Information - Download files, infotainment – Drive-thru payment (gas, food, banking, tolls) - Diagnostic data • Telecommunications industry

A WIN - WIN Public Gets Safety Technology Potentially Preventing 75% of all Fatalities Better Managed Transportation Network Auto Co.s Get A New Business Opportunity Safer Vehicles

Some Examples Traditional VII Concept Road Departure Signage Construct rumble strips on shoulders Signage Speed Limits Install post and mount sign VII Concept Road Departure Use GIS/GPS Technology to develop virtual rumble strips Signage Use GIS/GPS Sign Inventory and post sign messages on heads-up display.

VII – There Are Issues Outreach Business Models / Plan Architecture Who else needs to be part of the discussion? Business Models / Plan Who will own, install, and operate the communications system? How will it be paid for / self-sustaining? Nationwide Deployment – all roads, both urban & rural Architecture Who will own and operate the database? How will the data flow from the vehicle to the roadside and to a central server? Privacy: Who owns the data?

VII – Next Steps Short-Term: Develop Roadmap / Plan Prepare Conceptual System Design Initiate DSRC Tests Formalize Government-Industry Partnership Long-Term: Demonstrations Operational Tests Synchronized Deployment

The Key: Public-Private Partnership Industries Transportation Sector Automotive Industry America - Europe - Asia Pacific