1 What is Ecology? S7L4 copyright cmassengale

2 Organisms and Their Environment copyright cmassengale

3 What is Ecology?? The study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment.The study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment. It explains how living organisms affect each other and the world they live in.It explains how living organisms affect each other and the world they live in. The study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment.The study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment. It explains how living organisms affect each other and the world they live in.It explains how living organisms affect each other and the world they live in. copyright cmassengale

4 Habitat & Niche Habitat is the place a plant or animal livesHabitat is the place a plant or animal lives Niche is an organism’s total way of lifeNiche is an organism’s total way of life Habitat is the place a plant or animal livesHabitat is the place a plant or animal lives Niche is an organism’s total way of lifeNiche is an organism’s total way of life copyright cmassengale

5 The Nonliving Environment Abiotic factors- the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment.Abiotic factors- the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment. Examples include air currents, temperature, moisture, light, and soil.Examples include air currents, temperature, moisture, light, and soil. Abiotic factors affect an organism’s life.Abiotic factors affect an organism’s life. Abiotic factors- the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment.Abiotic factors- the nonliving parts of an organism’s environment. Examples include air currents, temperature, moisture, light, and soil.Examples include air currents, temperature, moisture, light, and soil. Abiotic factors affect an organism’s life.Abiotic factors affect an organism’s life. copyright cmassengale

6 The Living Environment Biotic factors- all the living organisms that inhabit an environment.Biotic factors- all the living organisms that inhabit an environment. All organisms depend on others directly or indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, or protection.All organisms depend on others directly or indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, or protection. Biotic factors- all the living organisms that inhabit an environment.Biotic factors- all the living organisms that inhabit an environment. All organisms depend on others directly or indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, or protection.All organisms depend on others directly or indirectly for food, shelter, reproduction, or protection. copyright cmassengale

7 Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic copyright cmassengale

8 Abiotic or Biotic? Abiotic copyright cmassengale

9 Abiotic or Biotic? Abiotic copyright cmassengale

10 Abiotic or Biotic? Biotic copyright cmassengale

11 Levels of Organization copyright cmassengale

12 Levels of Organization Ecologists have organized the interactions an organism takes part in into different levels according to complexity.Ecologists have organized the interactions an organism takes part in into different levels according to complexity. copyright cmassengale

13 1 st Level of Organization Organism: An individual living thing that is made of cells, uses energy, reproduces, responds, grows, and developsOrganism: An individual living thing that is made of cells, uses energy, reproduces, responds, grows, and develops copyright cmassengale

14 2 nd Level of Organization Population: A group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time.Population: A group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time. copyright cmassengale

Population *Limiting Factor: Any Factor that can restrict population growth: Ex: food, fresh water, habitat, hunting, predation, etc. copyright cmassengale15

Population Carrying Capacity: The maximum number of individuals of a species that an ecosystem can support. copyright cmassengale16

17 3 rd Level of Organization Biological Community: All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time.Biological Community: All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time. copyright cmassengale

18 4 th Level of Organization Ecosystem: Populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area with the abiotic components of that area. (terrestrial or aquatic)Ecosystem: Populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area with the abiotic components of that area. (terrestrial or aquatic) copyright cmassengale

19 5 th Level of Organization Biosphere: The portion of Earth that supports life.Biosphere: The portion of Earth that supports life. copyright cmassengale

20 The Biosphere Life is found in air, on land, and in fresh and salt water.Life is found in air, on land, and in fresh and salt water. The BIOSPHERE is the portion of Earth that supports living things.The BIOSPHERE is the portion of Earth that supports living things. Life is found in air, on land, and in fresh and salt water.Life is found in air, on land, and in fresh and salt water. The BIOSPHERE is the portion of Earth that supports living things.The BIOSPHERE is the portion of Earth that supports living things. copyright cmassengale

21 What level of organization? Organism copyright cmassengale

22 What level of Organization? Community copyright cmassengale

23 What level of Organization? Population copyright cmassengale

S7L4 D Categorize Relationships that are competitive or mutually beneficial copyright cmassengale24

Interactions within Communities obtaining energy Carnivore: Type of consumer that eats other animals Herbivore: Type of consumer that eats plants. Carnivore: Type of consumer that eats other animals Herbivore: Type of consumer that eats plants. copyright cmassengale25

Interactions within Communities obtaining energy Omnivore: Type of consumer that eats plants and other animals. Decomposer: Type of consumer that gets energy by breaking down dead organisms Omnivore: Type of consumer that eats plants and other animals. Decomposer: Type of consumer that gets energy by breaking down dead organisms copyright cmassengale26

Relationships Symbiosis: Close relationship between organisms of different species Symbiosis: Close relationship between organisms of different species copyright cmassengale27

Relationships copyright cmassengale28 Mutualism: Symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit (+,+) Mutualism: Symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit (+,+)

Relationships Parasitism: Symbiotic relationship where one species benefits, and the other species is harmed (+,-) Parasitism: Symbiotic relationship where one species benefits, and the other species is harmed (+,-) copyright cmassengale29

Relationships Commensalism: Symbiotic Relationship where one species benefits and the other is unaffected (+,0) Commensalism: Symbiotic Relationship where one species benefits and the other is unaffected (+,0) copyright cmassengale30

Predator/Prey: The predator is the hunter, the prey is the hunted Cooperation: Organisms of the same species “working together”. Ex. A Pride of lions hunting gazelle Competition: Organisms competing to try to obtain the same resource Predator/Prey: The predator is the hunter, the prey is the hunted Cooperation: Organisms of the same species “working together”. Ex. A Pride of lions hunting gazelle Competition: Organisms competing to try to obtain the same resource copyright cmassengale31

Relationships copyright cmassengale32