Ecology Review Questions

Multiple Choice The natural world that surrounds an organism is called the organism’s: a. energy b. environment c. lodgings d. nutrients

Multiple Choice The study of how living things interact is called: a. ecosystems b. abiotic factors c. ecology d. the energy pyramid

Multiple Choice The source of energy for almost all life on Earth is: a. fungi b. animals c. water d. sunlight

Multiple Choice An example of a biotic factor in a forest ecosystem is: a. waterfall b. cliff c. a tree d. a rock

Multiple Choice An ecosystem is made up of: a. living things only b. physical environment only c. living things and the physical environment d. living things and decaying matter

Multiple Choice In an energy pyramid, the bottom level represents: a. consumers b. producers c. scavengers d. decomposers

Multiple Choice An example of a consumer in a pond ecosystem is: a. a water lily b. algae c. a reed d. a frog

Multiple Choice Which of these food chains is in the correct order? a. caterpillar, cattail, frog, water snake b. cattail, caterpillar, frog, water snake c. water snake, frog, caterpillar, cattail d. cattail, frog, caterpillar, water snake

Multiple Choice Ecology is the study of how: a. the physical environment changes over time b. biotic factors change over time c. matter interacts with energy in our environment d. living things interact with each other and their environment

Multiple Choice An example of a biotic factor in a pond ecosystem is: a. temperature b. water c. fish d. sunlight

Multiple Choice An example of a producer is a: a. fungus b. caterpillar c. bird d. moss

Multiple Choice Both consumers and producers are a source of food for: a. scavengers b. decomposers c. carnivores d. herbivores

Multiple Choice In an energy pyramid, the lowest level has: a. less energy than the top level b. less energy than the second level c. more energy than the top level d. the same amount of energy as the second level

Multiple Choice A scientist who studies the interactions of plants and animals is called: a. a physicist b. a botanist c. a geologist d. an ecologist

Multiple Choice A food chains shows: a. one possible pathway for energy b. many possible pathways for energy c. the amount of energy available to a producer d. the amount of energy available to a consumer

Multiple Choice Decomposers are important to ecosystems because they: a. are at the highest level of the energy pyramid b. change simple compounds into more complex ones c. make nutrients available for producers to reuse d. convert light energy into sugars through photosynthesis

Multiple Choice Which of the following factors in an ecosystem is biotic? a. insects b. soil c. water d. sunlight

Multiple Choice Two abiotic factors that affect an ecosystem are: a. temperature and animals b. plants and animals c. water and bacteria d. soil and water

Multiple Choice Two examples of decomposers are: a. fungi and bacteria b. algae and marine mammals c. carnivores and herbivores d. ferns and mosses

Multiple Choice A caterpillar eats a leaf, and a bird eats the caterpillar. In this interaction, the bird is a: a. producer b. herbivore c. primary consumer d. secondary consumer

Multiple Choice How is a food web model different from a food chain? a. In a web, energy moves from an organism to only one other. b. In a web, energy may move to many organisms from one. c. In a web, an organism gets energy from one source. d. In a web, an organism receives less energy than in a chain.

Multiple Choice When a rabbit population in a meadow cannot grow any larger, it has reached the: a. climax community b. carrying capacity c. limiting factor d. minimum size

Multiple Choice Which list of terms is in the correct order, from simplest to most complex? a. organism, community, population, ecosystem, biome b. organism, population, community, biome, ecosystem c. organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome d. organism, community, ecosystem, population, biome

Multiple Choice A population of rabbits is at its carrying capacity when the population: a. reproduces b. becomes extinct c. stops growing d. can’t survive

Multiple Choice An unusually cold winter causes the squirrel population to decrease. This is an example of temperature as a: a. carrying capacity b. limiting factor c. climax community d. pattern in space

Multiple Choice All the living things in a meadow and the physical environment around them make up the meadow’s: a. community b. population c. ecosystem d. niche

Multiple Choice A crab lives on a beach where it gets food, shelter, and space to live. The beach is the crab’s: a. niche b. community c. habitat d. home

Multiple Choice All the leopard frogs in a pond make up the pond’s leopard frog: a. population b. niche c. habitat d. ecosystem

Multiple Choice Biodiversity is a measure of the: a. variety of nonliving things within an ecosystem b. amount of resources shared by the human population. c. Variety of species within an ecosystem. d. Amount of renewable resources within an ecosystem.

Multiple Choice Biotic factors in an ecosystem may include: a. bacteria, soil, and water b. plants, animals, and bacteria c. temperature, water, and soil d. animals, fungi, and temperature

Multiple Choice An animal that eats only plants is a: a. primary consumer b. secondary consumer c. tertiary consumer d. primary producer

Multiple Choice An example of a biotic factor is: a. soil b. a rock c. water d. a tree

Multiple Choice A snake that eats an insect-eating frog is a: a. primary consumer b. secondary consumer c. tertiary consumer d. primary producer

Multiple Choice Which group shown in the energy pyramid is most immediately affected by the decomposition of other organisms? primary consumer b. secondary consumer c. tertiary consumer d. primary producer

Multiple Choice Knowing the type of food consumed by an organism helps to identify the role of the organism in the community. This role is known as its_________ a nesting site b. habitat c. Biomass d. niche

Multiple Choice Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the top of an energy pyramid? Shrimp Salmon Sharks Seaweed

Multiple Choice Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the bottom of an energy pyramid? Shrimp Salmon Sharks Seaweed

Fill in the Blank A(n) ___________________________ is made up of both living things and the physical environment. An ecosystem is made up of both living things and the physical environment.

Fill in the Blank __________________________ is the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment. Ecology is the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment.

Fill in the Blank Living things in an ecosystem are ________________________ factors. Living things in an ecosystem are biotoic factors.

Fill in the Blank Nonliving things in an ecosystem are __________________________ factors. Nonliving things in an ecosystem are abiotic factors.

Fill in the Blank The __________________________ of an environment is the maximum population that it can support. The carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population that it can support.

True or False? Organisms in soil are an example of abiotic factors.

True or False? The amount of light available in an ecosystem affects the types and amount of plant life that will grow there. TRUE

True or False? Plants use energy to make sugars through photosynthesis. TRUE

Biotic factors AND abiotic factors. True or False? An ecosystem is composed of biotic factors. FALSE Biotic factors AND abiotic factors.

True or False? In a species, the organisms’ offspring must be able to breed. TRUE

True or False? The same niche in a habitat may be occupied by more than one species. TRUE

Matching _____ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains _____Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy _____Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain _____Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals _____Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers _____Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds

Matching __B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains _____Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy _____Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain _____Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals _____Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers _____Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds A producer is an organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy.

Matching __B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains __D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy _____ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain _____ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals _____ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers _____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds A consumer is an organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals.

Matching __B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains __D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy __F__ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain _____ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals _____ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers _____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds A decomposer is an organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds.

Matching __B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains __D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy __F__ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain __E__ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals _____ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers _____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds A food chain shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers. .

Matching __B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains __D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy __F__ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain __E__ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals __A__ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers _____ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds A food web is made up of many overlapping food chains.

Matching __B__ Producer a. made up of many overlapping food chains __D__ Consumer b. organism that converts heat or light energy into chemical energy __F__ Decomposer c. shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain __E__ Food Chain d. organism that gets its energy by eating plants or animals __A__ Food Web e. shows one set of feeding relationships between a producer and several consumers __C__ Energy Pyramid f. organism that breaks down dead plants and animals into simpler compounds An energy pyramid shows how energy is lost as it is transferred up the food chain.

Matching _____ It surrounds all living things _____All living organisms need it _____It gives Earth most of its energy organism Energy The ocean Environment The Sun

Matching __D__ It surrounds all living things _____All living organisms need it _____It gives Earth most of its energy organism Energy The ocean Environment The Sun

Matching __D__ It surrounds all living things __B__All living organisms need it _____It gives Earth most of its energy organism Energy The ocean Environment The Sun

Matching __D__ It surrounds all living things __B__All living organisms need it __E__It gives Earth most of its energy organism Energy The ocean Environment The Sun

Matching _____ Two organisms try to get the same thing in a relation _____ Two organisms benefit in a relationship _____ The role a species fills in a habitat a. niche b. habitat c. parasitism d. competition e. mutualism

Matching __D__ Two organisms try to get the same thing in a relation _____ Two organisms benefit in a relationship _____ The role a species fills in a habitat a. niche b. habitat c. parasitism d. competition e. mutualism

Matching __D__ Two organisms try to get the same thing in a relation __E__ Two organisms benefit in a relationship _____ The role a species fills in a habitat a. niche b. habitat c. parasitism d. competition e. mutualism

Matching __D__ Two organisms try to get the same thing in a relation __E__ Two organisms benefit in a relationship __A__ The role a species fills in a habitat a. niche b. habitat c. parasitism d. competition e. mutualism

Matching _____ A substance that degrades the environment _____ An introduced species _____ The variety of life in an ecosystem a. pollution b. population density c. natural resource d. Invasive species e. biodiversity

Matching __C__ Something from the environment that humans use _____ Number of people in a given area _____ The variety of life in an ecosystem a. pollution b. population density c. natural resource d. Invasive species e. biodiversity

Matching C C __C__ Something from the environment that humans use __B__ Number of people in a given area _____ The variety of life in an ecosystem a. pollution b. population density c. natural resource d. Invasive species e. biodiversity

Matching C D E ____ Something from the environment that humans use ____ Number of people in a given area ____ The variety of life in an ecosystem a. pollution b. population density c. natural resource d. Invasive species e. biodiversity D E

What do the arrows in the food web represent? The flow of energy within the food web.

List two producers and three consumers in the food web. Producers = rosebush, oak tree, grass Consumers = deer, wolf, rabbit, squirrel caterpillar, frog, sparrow, snake, hawk

Draw one food chain that includes the sparrow. rose bush –> caterpillar –> sparrow -> hawk rose bush -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> snake oak tree -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> hawk oak tree -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> snake grass -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> hawk grass -> caterpillar -> sparrow -> snake

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