WEEK 2 Research Methods. Week 1 Summary  Changes in definition of psychology  Current perspectives  Subfields of psychology  Four big ideas.

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Presentation transcript:

WEEK 2 Research Methods

Week 1 Summary  Changes in definition of psychology  Current perspectives  Subfields of psychology  Four big ideas

Current Perspectives 1. Neuroscience, 2. Evolutionary, 3. Behavior genetics, 4. Psychodynamic, 5. Behavioral, 6. Cognitive, 7. Social-cultural a) How we learn observable responses b) How our genes and our environment influence our individual differences c) How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures d) How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences e) How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information f) How the natural selection of traits passed down from one generation to the next has promoted the survival of genes g) How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

Week 2 Contents  Scientific Method  Descriptive Methods  Correlational Methods  Experimental Methods  Research Ethics

Week 2 Learning Outcomes  Compare and contrast the use of case studies, naturalistic observations, and surveys to observe and describe behavior and explain the importance of random sampling (CLOs 2, 3)  Describe correlations and explain how they can lead to prediction but not cause-effect explanation (CLOs 2, 3)  Describe how experiments clarify or reveal cause- effect relationships (CLOs 2, 3)  Identify the ethical guidelines that safeguard human and animal research participants (CLOs 2, 3)

Scientific Method

Research Method Types  Descriptive methods  Correlational methods  Experimental methods

Descriptive Methods  Case studies  Advantages and Limitations  Naturalistic observation  Advantages and Limitations  Surveys and interviews  Advantages and Limitations  Sampling

Correlational Methods  Scatterplots

Correlational Methods

 Advantages  Limitations

Correlational Methods

Experimental Methods  Experiments aim to manipulate an independent variable, measure the dependent variable, and control confounding variables  Experimental vs. control group  Random assignment  Double-blind procedure

Experimental Methods  Advantages  Limitations

Ethics of Psychological Research How far can you go in the name of science?  Milgram Obedience Studies  Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Study

APA Ethics Code  Informed consent  Protection from harm and discomfort  Confidentiality  Debriefing

Bias?  How do personal values influence psychologists’ research and application?

Context Matters

Homework for Week 3  Read from Chapter 2:  2-1  2-3  2-4  2-14  2-15  2-17  Complete Worksheet 2  Read from Chapter 13:  13-9    13-12