Industrial Revolution
Riddle: What does a Power Loom and a Ferrari have in common?
Effects of the Industrial Revolution What was the industrial revolution? Machines coordinated to make goods Energy from non-animal sources Industry grew 4 times faster Changed all aspects of society Most profound effect since agriculture Government change Political and military balance Europe as dominant power Transformed social classes Higher standard of living for most
Effects of the Industrial Revolution
Effects of the Industrial Revolution
Origins Agricultural revolution Horse and steel plow Fertilizer use Yields improved 300% 1700-1850 Growth of foreign trade for manufactured goods Foreign colonies Increase in ships and size Successful wars and foreign conquest
Origins – Why England? Factors in England No civil strife Government favored trade Laissez faire: Hands Off Government Large middle class Island geography Mobile population Everyone lived within 20 miles of navigable river Tradition of experimental science Weak guilds
Manufacturing Textiles 4-5 spinners per weaver Flying Shuttle
Manufacturing Textiles Cotton gave stronger fibers Invention of Spinning Jenny Demand for skilled weavers Mechanical looms (flying shuttle) Jacquard looms
Richard Arkwright – 1771 Invents the spinning water frame Constructs the first spinning factory Realized that several machines could be linked to create a factory Needed water power to turn the machines (water wheel expert) Needed gears (watchmaker) The creation of the first spinning factory was the beginning of the Industrial Revolution
Edmund Cartwright–1787 Power loom factory
Manufacturing Textiles Jacquard looms
Manufacturing Negatives Poor working conditions Children supplied labor Luddites Handicraftsmen replaced by machine Organized to stop industrialization
Energy and Transportation Animal power and plant burning Water emerged as energy source Iron industry energy crisis Lack of wood Coal discovered Steam pumps for mines Steam engines Railroads
Technology The Industrial Revolution was built on rapid advances in technology Travel and Communication
Steamboat Created By: Robert Fulton Define: A boat that was powered by steam which was used for transporting goods Significance: First ship that could travel under its own power
Steam Engines (Trains) Created by: Peter Cooper Significance: Reduced travel time, linked major cities, sped the pace of life
The Telegraph and Morse Code Perfected By: Samuel B. Morse Telegraph: A device that could send information across wires and great distances Morse Code: Different combinations of dots and dashes that represent each letter of the alphabet Significance: The first device that can send messages electronically
Cotton Gin and Interchangeable Parts Eli Whitney: Southern American Inventor Cotton Gin: A machine that could separate seeds from cotton Interchangeable Parts: Parts that can be used on multiple machines
Industrial Revolution 1. Name one benefit 2. Name one negative 3. What are interchangeable parts 4. What did the Industrial Revolution create for people for living?