© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd AARNet 3 The Next Generation of AARNet

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd2 Background to AARNet AARNet Pty Ltd (APL) is a not for profit company owned by 37 Australian Universities and the Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Operates a national network providing commodity and research Internet access to members and clients Clients include Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO), National Library of Australia, Australian Institute of Marine Science Current network deployed in 1997, based on ATM mesh between state and territory networks (RNO) Also operates a STM-1 ring to the USA (Hawai‘i and Seattle) on Southern Cross, primarily for research but some commodity via Pacific Wave Currently buys commodity access at each RNO from Optus or Telstra

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd3 Design Issues Redundancy & Resilience Support for IPv4 and IPv6 –unicast and multicast Traffic Accounting and Monitoring End to end performance measures Support QoS (diffserv) Support for large traffic flows, jumbo frames

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd4 Redundancy & Resilience Dual points of presence (POP) in major capital cities Diverse, dual unprotected national links –Will use MPLS Fast Reroute for protection –Provides ability to burst above capacity Use single metro dark fibre pair to connect intra city POP sites Creates rings between cities Provides opportunity for members and customers to build diverse, redundant connections to AARNet

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd5 Australian Network

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd6 10Gbps Backbone Provided on the “Nextgen Networks” network Two fibre pairs on each path –STM-64 service provided on first pair for inter capital trunks –Second pair may be lit with CWDM to allow Gigabit Ethernet drop off to regional members, other solutions to be considered –Member must provide tail to the regional network

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd7 Member Connections Diverse connection to each POP –Two diverse, independent links, one to each POP Dual connection connecting each POP –Two links over same infrastructure to single POP –AARNet trunks one link to the second POP though switches AARNet provided diversity –Single link to one POP, AARNet provides LAN linking both AARNet POP sites and the member

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd8 Connections through the GigaPOPs

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd9 Trans Pacific Transmission “SX TransPORT” - Dual STM-64 (10Gbps) –Hawai‘i - Manoa and Seattle (Abilene, CA*net 4) –Los Angeles (Abilene, CENIC, CUDI) –Look to add Mauna Kea to Los Angeles path later Dual STM-4 (622Mbps) for commodity Internet –PAIX Palo Alto (Silicon Valley) –Los Angeles Add drop offs to existing STM-1’s (155Mbps) –University of South Pacific, Fiji –Possibly Auckland, New Zealand –Connects to 155Mbps path to Tokyo from Hawai‘i

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd10 AARNet’s Pacific Ocean links

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd11 Equipment Core Router –40Gbps capable –Redundant power but not CPU –Packet over SDH to STM-64 (roadmap to STM-256) –Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet Core Switch –Pure L2 switching –Fast, Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet only Member Edge and POP based “Legacy” routers –3 x Gigabit Ethernet (Member, POP “A”, POP “B”) –1 x Fast Ethernet dedicated to flow accounting –Capability to handle legacy (slow) interfaces

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd12 Backbone Routers - Procket RU (95.3 x 44.2 x 64.8 cm) 12 Line Cards 48 Media Adapters (MA) Route Processor –Procket developed System Control Chip –500MHz IBM Power PC –2GB main memory –512MB Compact Flash (system program storage with redundant images) – 20GB Hard Disk Drive (system log files) –960Gbps 1.2Bpps 1 Port STM-64 MA 1 Port 10Gigabit Ethernet MA 10 Port Gigabit Ethernet MA 8 Port STM-1/STM-4 MA

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd13 Pro/8812 under test Sitting in the Nextgen node room in Adelaide Testing the STM-64 circuit between Adelaide and Perth 32Kbyte Packets ‘back-to- back’ at 10Gbps

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd14 Core Backbone Switches - Cisco RU (84.4 X 43.7 x 46.0 cm) 9 Slot Chassis Supervisor 720 –720 Gbps –30Mpps Centralized, up to 400 Mpps for CEF720 interface modules equipped with dCEF (DFC3) or aCEF daughter cards 4 port 10 Gigabit Ethernet 48 port 10/100/1000 UTP based Ethernet 24 port SFP Gigabit Ethernet Potential for service modules later

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd15 Edge Routers - Cisco RU (10cm) compact chassis 4-slot modular system Network Equipment Building Standards (NEBS) Level 3 compliance NPE-G100 Processor –Three onboard Gigabit Ethernet ports –1 GB of Synchronous Dynamic RAM (SDRAM) –256 MB of removable Compact Flash memory –Better than 1 mpps processing performance Redundant power supplies Front-to-back airflow for optimal cooling

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd16 IPv4 and IPv6 Native IPv4 and IPv6 (Dual Stack) network –Unicast and Multicast for both IPv4 and IPv6 –EFT IPv6 Multicast (initially intra-domain only) –Line rate performance for IPv4 and IPv6 –Peering to both R&E and Commodity Internet w/ IPv6 –Hexago IPv6 Migration Broker to aid member and client IPv6 deployment DNS, AARNet Mirror and USENet News accessible over IPv4 and IPv6 IPv6 Performance Measurement IPv6 Flow Records? Jumbo frames, 9000 byte

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd17 Some Issues End to end performance measures –Desire to measure performance from member site –Provide connectivity reports on core services Support QoS (diffserv) –Need to support VoIP and VideoIP traffic –Possibly introduce scavenger service Support for large traffic flows, jumbo frames Support for EVERYTHING with IPv6?

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd18 Services DNS Cache and Secondary Servers Usenet News Hexago IPv6 Migration Broker DDoS Detection and Mitigation –Investigate appliances –Interest in automatic detection and filtering –Locate next to transit (and peering) links –IPv6 DoS/DDoS? AARNet Mirror VoIP Gateways NLANR and/or RIPE Test Traffic Measurement

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd19 Current Status (1) National Transmission –Confirmation of POP sites –Testing STM-64 circuits –Build new GigaPOP sites –Obtain fibre between GigaPOPs and COs –Solution for Tasmania and Northern Territory International Transmission –Planning progressing with US partner organisations on connecting “SX TransPORT” –STM-4 to Palo Alto should be enabled during February –Direct Asian links dependant on available funds and member demand

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd20 Current Status (2) Commodity Internet Transit –Access Commodity Internet in Palo Alto Connected to the PAIX fabric Obtain transit from MCI/UUnet and NTT/Verio –Commodity IPv6 Transit! Peer with other organisations at PAIX –Add second commodity POP in Los Angeles Need to determine –data centre location –backhaul from Morro Bay (San Luis Obispo) Will use the same transit providers as at Palo Alto

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd21 Current Status (3) Peering –Developing national and local (state) policies –A consideration for POP site location Regional links –Investigate CWDM options –Possibly issue another RFP –Priorities are: inland Sydney/Brisbane via the telescopes coastal Sydney/Brisbane route Sydney to Albury

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd22 IPv6 Migration Broker (1) What… –Hexago IPv6 Migration Broker –Tunnel Broker used by FreeNet6 –User setup for 6in4 tunnels, via web form allocations from AARNet’s 2001:388::/32 address space –Can be used just for end systems –But can also assign prefix for local LAN –No routing functionality, static routing only –Open access but targeted to “local”, Australian community, not just AARNet members & clients

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd23 IPv6 Migration Broker (2) Why? –Members & clients are not ready to fully deploy IPv6 across their network but some interest within their organisation –Some common firewalls, eg PIX, don’t support IPv6 Tunnel allows traversal of firewalls But doesn’t provide firewall function unless end point can do it

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd24 IPv6 Migration Broker (3) Experience… –Most configure account but don’t configure tunnel –Some setup tunnel but for whatever reason only use it for a short time… Perhaps just looking at the Kame :-) Maybe forgot to add to startup –Small number of users permanent fixture

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd25 Current IPv6 Activity Major IPv6 Transit Links –APAN-JP –Abilene Native IPv6 connection –Australian National University, Canberra Permanent IPv6 Tunnels to: –9 AARNet Members –4 Commercial ISPs / Carriers –APNIC –New Zealand Public 6to4 Relay Migration Broker

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd26 IPv6 Activities AARNet’s IPv6 Migration Broker – –Requires TSP software IPv6 Forum – Australian Chapter –Mike Biber, Chair AARNet IPv6 Working Group –Promote awareness of IPv6 in Australia IPv6 Tutorials in each State and Territory – John Barlow IPv6 Research, e.g. Monash University – AARNet IPv6 interface stsistics – Seek out and deploy IPv6 peering in Australia

© 2004 AARNet Pty Ltd27 Procket Networks and IPv6 – Tony Li