Settling the Northern Colonies, 1619–1700 Chapter 3 Settling the Northern Colonies, 1619–1700

Plymouth Plantation Carefully restored, the modest village at Plymouth looks today much as it did nearly four hundred years ago. Judy Canty/ Stock Boston

Seventeenth-Century New England Settlements The Massachusetts Bay Colony was the hub of New England. All earlier colonies grew into it; all later colonies grew out of it. Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.

Town Meetinghouse, Hingham, Massachusetts Erected in 1681, it is still in use today as a Unitarian Universalist Church, making it the oldest meetinghouse in continuous ecclesiastical use in the United States. New England Stock Photo

Land Use in Rowley, Massachusetts, c. 1650 The settlers of Rowley brought from their native Yorkshire the practice of granting families very small farming plots and reserving large common fields for use by the entire community. On the map, the yellow areas show private land; the green areas show land held in common. Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.

Mistress Anne Pollard Born in England, Mistress Pollard arrived in Massachusetts as a child with John Winthrop’s fleet in 1630. A tavern operator and the mother of 13 children, she was 100 years old when this portrait was painted in 1721. On her death 4 years later, she left 130 descendants, a dramatic example of the fecundity of the early New England colonists. Portrait of Anne Pollard

New York (then New Amsterdam), 1664 This drawing clearly shows the tip of Manhattan Island protected by the wall after which Wall Street was named. The British Library

New York Aristocrats This prosperous family exemplified the comfortable lives and aristocratic pretensions of the “Hudson River lords” in colonial New York. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation

Penn’s Treaty, by Edward Hicks The peace-loving Quaker founder of Pennsylvania made a serious effort to live in harmony with the Indians, as this treaty-signing scene illustrates. But the westward thrust of white settlement eventually caused friction between the two groups, as in other colonies. Thomas Gilcrease Museum of American History and Art, Tulsa, OK

Early Settlements in the Middle Colonies, with Founding Dates North of Spanish Florida, four European powers competed for territory and trade with Native Americans in the early seventeenth century. Swedish and Dutch colonization was the foundation upon which England's middle colonies were built. Copyright (c) Houghton Mifflin Company. All Rights Reserved.