Instructional Focus Lesson Plan Writing Strategies 1.2b Grade 5 Instructional Focus Lesson Plan Writing Strategies 1.2b Grade 5 Digital English

2 2 Create multiple-paragraph expository compositions. Provide details and transitional expressions that link one paragraph to another in a clear line of thought. Writing Strategies Writing Strategies Standard 1.2b Fifth Grade

3 3 What Causes a Tornado?

4 4 Fifth Grade What Causes a Tornado? A tornado can be nature’s most violent storm. It is a powerful, whirling wind usually followed by a funnel-shaped cloud. It may reach speeds of more than 300 miles per hour at the center of the storm. The rotating funnel cloud swirls downward from storm clouds above. Some swirling funnels do not get to the ground, but the ones that do touch down act like a huge vacuum cleaners, sucking up everything in their paths. funnel-shaped cloud funnel cloud

5 5 Fifth Grade The rotating funnel cloud swirls downward from storm clouds above. Some swirling funnels do not get to the ground, but the ones that do touch down act like a huge vacuum cleaner, sucking up everything in its path. The violent, rotating winds of the tornado destroy almost everything in its path. It can damage an area one mile wide and 50 miles long. A tornado can uproot trees, turn over train cars, and move cars and trucks hundreds of feet. It can also demolish buildings. It does this by causing a difference in air pressure. swirling funnels sucking up everything in its path. rotating winds destroy almost everything in its path

6 6 Fifth Grade The violent, rotating winds of the tornado destroy almost everything in its path. It can damage an area one mile wide and 50 miles long. A tornado can uproot trees, turn over train cars, and move cars and trucks hundreds of feet. It can also demolish buildings. It does this by causing a difference in air pressure. A tornado usually begins over very hot land. Cold air flows in from the funnel cloud, and the hot air from the ground rises very quickly. When the hot air hits the cold air there is a change in air pressure and that causes the tremendous lifting force of the tornado. a difference in air pressure Cold air hot air change in air pressure

7 7 Fifth Grade Most tornadoes last less than one hour, but can cause terrible destruction if the funnel cloud touches down in an area where people live. 300 mile per hour winds, funnel shaped clouds, and the destruction caused by these winds make tornadoes one of nature’s most violent storms.

8 8 Fifth Grade What Causes an Earthquake? An earthquake is a trembling or shaking movement of the earth’s surface. Most earthquakes are minor tremors, but some can grow into bigger tremors and large earthquakes. Larger earthquakes usually begin with small tremors but quickly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end with smaller and smaller vibrations called aftershocks. bigger tremors and large earthquakes Larger earthquakes

9 9 Fifth Grade Larger earthquakes usually begin with small tremors but quickly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end with smaller and smaller vibrations called aftershocks. The shakes and aftershocks of an earthquake are caused by the sudden release of stress along a fault, or a fracture in the earth’s crust. When stress is released, the rock plates of the earth’s surface move and cause shaking. aftershocks. aftershocks of an earthquake

10 Fifth Grade The shakes and aftershocks of an earthquake are caused by the sudden release of stress along a fault, or a fracture in the earth’s crust. When stress is released, the rock plates of the earth’s surface move and cause shaking. As the rocks move, this causes vibrations through and around the earth in a waveform. These waves are similar to the waves made when a pebble is dropped into water. These types of waves cause the movement and trembling of an earthquake. rock plates of the earth’s surface move and cause shaking the As the rocks move

11 Fifth Grade As the rocks move, this causes vibrations through and around the earth in a waveform. These waves are similar to the waves made when a pebble is dropped into water. These types of waves cause the movement and trembling of an earthquake. As rock plates along the Earth’s surface move, an earthquake is formed. As the rock plates continue to move, the earthquake can get stronger and more powerful. Most earthquakes however are small and felt very little. As the rocks move rock plates

12 Fifth Grade What Causes a Volcano? A volcano is a place where lava, ash, and gases come out of the middle of the Earth onto the land. Molten rock is called magma while it is still underground and it is called lava once it has reached the surface of the earth. Scientists do not know for sure why magma blows up and out of the earth. They believe that the magma starts to form around sixty miles down in the ground. The temperature is so hot here that rocks will melt. This forms magma. magma

13 Fifth Grade Scientists do not know for sure why magna blows up and out of the earth. They believe that the magma starts to form around sixty miles down in the ground. The temperature is so hot here that rocks will melt. This forms magma. Solid rocks in the earth’s crust hold magma down. Crack form in the thin areas of the crust. As the pressure builds up the magma is forced through these cracks and a volcano is born. This forms magma magma is forced through these cracks

14 Fifth Grade Solid rocks in the earth’s crust hold magma down. Crack form in the thin areas of the crust. As the pressure builds up the magma is forced through these cracks and a volcano is born. Magma breaks through the earth’s crust. When a volcano’s magma is thick with lots, of hot gases, its explosion can be enormous. Magma that is as thin as water does not cause as much damage as thick magma. volcano is born Magma breaks through the earth’s crust