Oldest Life on Earth Mr. Kempfer 7th Grade Science Monerans Oldest Life on Earth Mr. Kempfer 7th Grade Science

Monerans Single celled No nucleus Most commonly known as Bacteria Appeared 3.5 billion years ago Most numerous organism 2.5 billion bacteria in a gram of soil How are bacteria different from other cells?

Types of Bacteria Shapes of bacteria Can be any color                      Types of Bacteria   Shapes of bacteria Coiled, ball, rod, candy-apple, blobs Can be any color Red, yellow, blue, purple Found in water, air, soil and other organisms                     

Amazing Bacteria Some bacteria live in volcanoes, boiling water, glaciers, acid pools and at very high pH’s Bacteria are simple but still perform all of the functions necessary for life. How would this be an advantage on early Earth?

Structure of Bacteria Have a cell wall Protects and gives shape Cell Membrane Lets stuff in and out Cytoplasm No nucleus Genetic material just floats in the cytoplasm What parts do bacteria share with other cells?

Movement of Bacteria Most bacteria can’t move on their own. Moves by air, water or hitches a ride Some have flagellum Whip like tails that propel them through a liquid. Why do bacteria need to move?              

Life Functions of Bacteria Some need oxygen, some don’t Most are heterotrophs Some are parasites Some are decomposers Some are autotrophs Some eat sulfur and iron Why do you think bacteria are so diverse?

Reproduction Bacteria reproduce by splitting into 2 Can double their numbers in 20 minutes In 24 hours could weigh 2 million kilograms!!! In 5 days would weigh more than the Earth!!! ?What keeps this from happening?

Bacteria in Control Reproduction depends on food supply. When there’s no food, bacteria form an endospore. This is like a suit of armor against the environment Bacteria can survive bleach, boiling, freezing and radiation in an endospore When would a bacteria need an endospore?

Bacteria in Nature Bacteria are an essential part of the food and energy relationships that link all life on Earth. Decomposers, Producers, food for consumers Oxygen producers Why is this important?

Pioneers Bacteria are the first to move into a new area and populate it. Volcanic areas Forest fires Symbiotic Relationships Help us digest food Give plants nitrogen How does this help an ecosystem?

Bacteria and Humans Bacteria are used in the production of food, fuel, medicines and other products. Some, though, can spoil food, cause diseases and poison water. Name a bad bacteria.

Bacteria and Food Used to make cheese, yogurt, pickles, sour cream, soy sauce, vinegar, high-fructose corn syrup (sugars) Blue-green algae are 70% protein…yum! We heat food to kill bad bacteria What can bad bacteria do to food?

Bacteria as Fuel Certain bacteria can break down fruit rinds, dead plants, manure and sewage to make methane gas (natural gas) Dead bacteria and other stuff became crude oil in time

Medicine Bacteria is used to make anitbiotics Chemicals that poison other bad bacteria Bacteria can cause … Strep throat, pneumonia, tetanus and Lyme disease. Can antibiotics fight a virus?

Bacteria and Industry Used to tan leather Extract copper, silver and gold from rock Coloring food, cosmetics, removing stains and changing chemicals. Damages asphalt, water and gas pipes and oil drilling machinery.

Up Next… Protists