How our culture has changed over time Social Change How our culture has changed over time

Social Change - Jeannette In what ways has the society/culture at Jeannette High School changed over the past ten years? How has it remained the same?

Sources of Social Change What causes social change? 1. Values and beliefs 2. Technology 3. Population 4. Diffusion 5. Physical Environment 6. Wars and Conquests

Values and Beliefs Ideology – A system of beliefs or ideas that justifies the social, moral, religious, political, or economic interests held by a group or by society Ideologies often spread through social movements A social movement is a long-term conscious effort to promote or prevent social change. What are some examples of social movements?

Social Movement 1 The Prohibition Movement

Social Movement 2 The Women’s Rights Movement

Social Movement 3 The Peace Movement

Social Movement 4 The Gay Rights Movement

Social Movement 5 The Civil Rights Movement

Social Movement 6 The Environmental Movement

Technology Technology – The knowledge and tools people use to manipulate their environment Material Inventions: Computers, Social Media, Twitter Nonmaterial Inventions: Political Movements Religious Movements

Population Changes in the size of the population will bring changed in culture New People = New Cultures What are some common foods that did NOT originate in this country?

Population How can population affect the economy? Growing population will stimulate the economy Declining population will need fewer goods and services How can the age of the population impact social and cultural changes? Fewer babies = Less need for schools, rec centers

Diffusion Diffusion – Borrowing ideas, beliefs, and material objects from other societies How has technology increased cultural diffusion?

Diffusion Societies generally adopt material culture and technology more freely than ideas and beliefs Material Culture: Tools, Weapons Ideas and Beliefs: Government Religion

Diffusion Works Both Ways Culture adopted by America: Pasta from Italy Sushi from Japan Golf from Scotland

Diffusion Works Both Ways American culture adopted by other countries: American movies American music American cars Soft drinks Fast food

Physical Environment The physical environment can encourage or discourage cultural change Natural disasters (floods, earthquakes) Natural Resources: High Fuel Prices Fuel Shortages Hybrid Cars

Wars and Conquests Bring the greatest change in the shortest amount of time Property destroyed/rebuilt Advances in technology Changes in economy Changes in government September 11, 2001

Resistance to Change Resistance #1 – Ethnocentrism Change that comes from outside a society is often met with strong resistance People tend to believe that their own ideas and ways of doing things are the best Extreme ethnocentrism can make cultural change difficult or even impossible Example: Only buying American products

Resistance to Change Resistance #2 – Cultural Lag Cultural lag – Some traits change rapidly, some traits take more time Material culture changes faster than nonmaterial Why do we have a summer break? Children were needed to work on farms Farming has decreased…summer breaks still exist

Resistance to Change Resistance #3 – Vested Interests Resistant to changes that threaten their standard of living An imperfect present is better than an unknown future