Nuclear Thermal Rockets

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Presentation transcript:

Nuclear Thermal Rockets Brice Cassenti University of Connecticut

Nuclear Energy Relativity Fission energy Radioactive decay Cross-sections Nuclear thermal rockets

Relativistic Energy For all particles For photons For

Binding Energy

Fission of 92U235 Energy Value (MeV) Fission fragment kinetic energy 166.2 Neutron kinetic energy 4.8 Prompt X-rays 8.0 b particles from fragment decay 7.0 g particles from fragment decay 7.2 Antineutron from fragment decay 9.6 Total released energy 202.8

Fission Process

Radioactive Decay Consider uranium alpha decay Decay rate is proportional to number left Activity measured in Sieverts

Fission Fragment Decay

Fission Fragment Size

Neutrons Emitted

Neutron Energy

Cross-Section Cross-section = s Units 1 barn=10-24cm2

Uranium Fission Cross-Sections

Some Cross-Sections in barns Nucleus Absorption, sa Capture, sc Fission, sf Scattering, ss 92U235 687 107 580 10 94Pu239 1065 315 750 9.6 92U233 585 52 533 ? 92U238 2.75 8.3 U (natural) 7.68 3.50 4.18

Neutron Moderator

Scattering Cross-Sections

Reactor Schematic

Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Solid Core 850-950 second Specific Impulse Gas Core 1800-1950 second Specific Impulse

Solid Core Schematic

NERVA Program

NERVA Core & Fuel Rods

Core Layout

Gas Core Rocket

Nuclear Light Bulb

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