Classical conditioning Video clips 609/http://www.psychexchange.co.uk/videos/view/20 609/ 2 and a half men.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Introduction to Psychology

Advertisements

The Behaviourist approach Behaviourist Approach (AO1) MUS T Name and outline: 1.Classical Conditioning 2.Operant Conditioning 3. Social Learning Theory.

The Behaviourist Perspective This perspective seeks to understand human behaviour in terms of what has been learnt. They study behaviour. They assume that.

Operant and Classical Conditioning.  Cognition: how we acquire, store, and use knowledge  Learning: A change in knowledge or behaviour as a result of.

Core Study: Watson and Rayner (1920) Little Albert BATs Outline and evaluate Watson and Rayner’s experiment to induce a phobia in a young child (C+) Hand.

Learning Overview F What is Learning? F Classical Conditioning F Operant Conditioning F Limits of Behaviorism F Observational Learning.

Learning to be scared? Aisha Merrick. Behaviourism The behaviourist perspective looks at how we learn behaviour, whether that be due to classical conditioning.

WHS AP Psychology Unit 5: Learning (Behaviorism) Essential Task 5-2: Describe basic classical conditioning phenomena with specific attention to unconditioned.

Learning. How Do We Learn? Most learning is associative learning. – Learning that certain events occur together.

Topic D Why do we have phobias? Introduction

 Classical Conditioning – The type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke the response initially evoked by another stimulus ◦

Famous Psychology Experiments

1 Famous Psychology Experiments. 2 Ivan Pavlov Classical Conditioning Experiments on dogs Smarty Pants: Nobel Prize Dog.

Chapter 6: Learning Music: “Live and Learn” by the Cardigans “Learn to Fly” by the Foo Fighters.

Welcome TVR ‘s Classical conditioning !!!!!. Learning YES LEARNING !

Classical Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, and Modeling,

Chapter 6: Learning Music: “Superstitious” Steve Wonder “Live and Learn” Cardigans.

Learning Theories Learning To gain knowledge, understanding, or skill, by study, instruction, or experience.

Unit 6: Learning Associative learning: learning that two events are linked together. Both classical and operant conditioning are types of associative.

LEARNING. How do we learn? Most learning is associative learning Learning that certain events occur together. Learning is a relatively permanent change.

Classical Conditioning + Intro to Operant Conditioning Learning Unit Mrs. Craig.

Learning Ms. Simon Do Now: Define Learning. Definition Learning is a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience.

Chapter 7 Learning Amber Gilewski Tompkins Cortland Community College.

How do we learn?  What are the manners by which you learn as a student?

1. Academic Goal: (related to this class)  List 3 behaviors/ actions you will take to reach that goal 2. Personal Goal:  List 3 behaviors/actions you.

Warm-Up # ●What is your response when… ●The music starts playing during passing time? ●Your phone “bings” or lights up? ●You smell food before lunch? ●Objectives:

Module 20 (7 th ) Module 21 (8 th ) Classical Conditioning.

ASSUMPTIONS MADE BY THE BEHAVIOURAL (A PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL) ABOUT PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SUMMARY: THE BEHAVIOURAL MODEL CONSIDERS ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND.

Learning and Classical Conditioning . How Do We Learn? Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience.

Classical Conditioning Mr. Koch Psychology Forest Lake High School.

Conditioning / I. Learning / A. Any relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of practice or experience. Changes due to growth or maturation.

Learning Experiments and Concepts.  What is learning?

Learning A relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs through experience.

Behaviourism Johnny D is very creative he loves playing the guitar, the drums and singing. In fact he loves anything involved in producing music. Why is.

The Evolutionary Theory of Phobias BATs - Evaluate the Behaviourist Theory of phobias (C+) - Outline and evaluate the evolutionary theory for explaining.

Classical conditioning (Pavlov – 1899, 1927).

Learning Psychology. Bell Activity 3/22/2013 Learning Targets: At the end of class you will be able to- -Define Classical Conditioning -Define and Identify.

Knowledge acquired in this way.

Classical Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, and Observational Learning Learning Conditioning Watson Thorndike Behavior Reinforcement Skinner Operants.

Unit 6 - Learning Module 26. Learning Process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors.

Unit 5: Learning (Behaviorism)

Learning. Learning by Association: Classical Conditioning Changing Behavior Through Reinforcement and Punishment: Operant Conditioning Learning by Insight.

Rat Maze Activity complete the maze starting at the ear and ending at the tail you must work on your own to complete it receive a small piece of candy.

Chapter 6: Learning Music: “Another Brick in the Wall” Pink Floyd “Learn to Fly” Foo Fighters.

Unit 5: Learning Associative learning*: learning that two events are linked together. Both classical and operant conditioning are types of associative.

Something to Think About  Please take the next five minutes to address the following questions on a piece of paper: What is learning? What is learning?

Principles of Learning

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Basic Principles of Learning How do we learn anything? What are the basic principles of learning?

LEARNING: PRINCIPLES & APPLICATIONS CLASSICAL CONDITIONING.

Unit 2: Classical Conditioning.  Behaviour is acquired by learning experiences  Theorist examine how we acquire behaviour and study the mechanisms that.

Classical Conditioning + Intro to Operant Conditioning Learning Unit Mrs. Craig.

UNIT 2:The Learning Approach Classical Conditioning.

The Behavioural Approach to Explaining Phobias

What is classical conditioning? How do you think it is used?

PSYCHOLOGY: LEARNING Learning- the process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors.

Classical Conditioning: Learning by Response

Topic D Why do we have phobias? Introduction

Behaviourism: Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Sensation & Perception Concepts

Learning (Behaviorism)

Unit 5: Learning (Behaviorism)

Learning Psychology Unit 3.

Learning Theory SAC Revsion.

Presentation transcript:

Classical conditioning Video clips 609/ 609/ 2 and a half men clip WHkhttp:// WHk Big Bang theory clip positive reinforcement

htmhttp:// htm pavlov cloze view/20088/ recreation of Pavlov’s dogs view/20088/ boy and bbgun videos/view/20218/ videos/view/20218/ basic CC John Watson – Little Albert mhttp:// m match quiz Pavlov

Atypical Behaviour – Core Theory The Behaviourist Theory What was the weirdest phobia you could find?

BATs Outline the behaviourist theory of phobias (D+) Explain how classical and operant conditioning can start and maintain a phobia (B+) Homework – 1. Describe Classical Conditioning in relation to a phobia of your choice. (5 marks) 2. Explain how the idea of Operant Conditioning can explain why the phobia continues and isn’t extinguished. (3 marks)

The Behaviourist Theory Behaviourists are Psychologists who believe that behaviours are LEARNED not NATURAL. They believe we learn to be PHOBIC. Many people can link their phobia to a bad experience Children often have similar phobias to parents

Classical Conditioning ‘Learning by Association’ – people learn to associate a particular response with a particular stimulus. e.g. When asked a question (stimulus) in class you have learnt to automatically put your hand up (response)

Classical Conditioning Behaviourists accept that some behaviours are not learnt, but INSTINCTIVE e.g. responses like vomiting, sexual arousal and anxiety They called these UNCONDITIONED RESPONSES (UCR) These responses are triggered by UNCONDITIONED STIMULI (UCS) Objects and events that naturally cause the reaction e.g. poison, stimulating genitals and a threat

Classical Conditioning BUT – sometimes these responses happen because of a NEUTRAL STIMULUS (NS) – one that normally doesn’t cause a reaction. e.g. NS = burger. You may once have been sick after eating one. you then ASSOCIATE the burger(NS) with the response (vomiting) Next time you have a burger it makes you feel sick!! You have been Classically Conditioned

Classical Conditioning The Neutral Stimulus (e.g. burger)is now known as a CONDITIONED STIMULUS (CS) because it triggers a learnt response The response itself doesn’t change (i.e. vomiting), but as it is a response to a CS It is now known as a CONDITIONED RESPONSE (CR) boy and bbgun see also African Land snails

Over to you … Do activities 5.4 and 5.5 p66-67– use the worksheet. s/view/20088/ recreation of Pavlov’s dogs s/view/20088/ Copy diagrams on p67 to illustrate Pavlov’s experiment EXTENSION – Activity 5.6 p67 What does Stimulus Generalisation mean? Breaktime!

UCSUCR NS CSCR FOOD SALIVATION BELL SALIVATION Classical Conditioning – Pavlov’s Experiment

How can Classical Conditioning be used to explain the start of Phobias? Phobias are the result of a negative experience with a feared object, context or activity Fear is the Unconditioned Response (UR) Feared object, action e.t.c is the US A NS can be associated with the feared action/object e.t.c Here is an example – see p68 …

UCS (sting) UCR FEAR NS (bee) CS (bee) Apiphobia – a fear of bees + CR FEAR association This can happen after one bad experience – ONE TRIAL LEARNING

How can Classical Conditioning be used to explain how Phobias continue? 1. Stimulus generalisation – associate CR with stimuli similar to the original stimulus (e.g. apiphobics may also fear wasps) 2. Extinction – associations between stimulus and response gradually disappear – but why don’t people stop being phobic if they have not encountered the stimulus that causes their phobia for a while?

How can Classical Conditioning be used to explain how Phobias continue? 3. Operant Conditioning – ‘learning by consequences’. If consequence of an action is rewarding we learn to do it again (positive reinforcement) If the consequence is negative we do not repeat the action (negative reinforcement - punishment)

How can Classical Conditioning be used to explain how Phobias continue? 3. Operant Conditioning.. A phobia is also about avoiding the object or situation (Stimulus) Avoidance – feel relieved – REWARDING – keep avoiding the stimulus to get more relief Facing fear (e.g. bee) – ANXIETY – PUNISHING – don’t want to face fear again Big Bang theory clip positive reinforcement

Behaviourist theory of phobias All behaviours, including phobias, are learnt. In other words, phobias are conditioned. Phobias start because of classical conditioning. Phobias are maintained (kept going) by operant conditioning.

Over to you … Copy the definition of Operant conditioning into your Glossary, plus extinction, stimulus generalisation and one trial learning Create a Classical Conditioning diagram like the one on p68 for a phobia other than Apiphobia Extension – Storyboard or role play a situation when a phobia might ne started and maintained using the ideas of CC and Operant Conditioning

Homework 1. Describe Classical Conditioning in relation to a phobia of your choice. (5 marks) 2. Explain how the idea of Operant Conditioning can explain why the phobia continues and isn’t extinguished. (3 marks)