Chapter 5: Mitosis is the basis of Asexual Reproduction Pages 134-167

5.1 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis Pages 136-151

5.01 Determine and graph the population growth rate of cells Activity 5-1A page 138

5.02 Illustrate and describe the basic processes of cell division. Outcome covered in 5.02.1 and 5.02.2

5.02.1 Define mitosis The process in which the contents of a cell’s nucleus divide. Results in two daughter cells identical to the parent.

5.02.2 State and briefly describe the four phases of mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

1. Prophase The double stranded chromosomes shorten and thicken. The nuclear membrane begins to fade.

2. Metaphase X-shaped chromosomes are pulled into a single line across the middle of the cell.

3. Anaphase The chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell.

4. Telophase The nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes. The cell is ready to divide into two separate cells.

Four phases of mitosis are followed by cytokinesis

Sites showing mitosis http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-G-3BDlnK58&feature=PlayList&p=08E14413B4A2B8B2&index=4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHRBJgq50dk&feature=PlayList&p=08E14413B4A2B8B2&index=0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eFuCE22agyM&feature=PlayList&p=08E14413B4A2B8B2&index=5

5.03 Select various print and electronic sources to examine chromosomes

5.03.1 Observe, identify and describe a cell nucleus undergoing division

5.03.2 Observe, identify and describe chromosomes in each stage of mitosis http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/micropolitan/botany/frame4.html

5.03.2 continued…

5.2 Asexual Reproduction Pages 152-167

5.04 Distinguish between sexual and asexual reproduction Only one parent is involved. Offspring are identical to the parent. Most reproduce quickly and in large numbers.

5.04.1 Explain methods of asexual reproduction using examples Binary fission Fragmentation Budding Vegetative Reproduction Spore Formation

1. Binary Fission A single parent cell replicates its genetic material and divides into two equal parts. Amoeba--------

Bacteria

2. Budding Part of the cell pushes outward to form an outgrowth or bud. The bud pinches off to form the new offspring identical to parent. Not all buds break away. yeast

SPONGE

HYDRA

3. Fragmentation When an organism breaks apart as a result of injury, each fragment then develops into a clone of its parent.

Sea star

Japanese Knotweed

4. Vegetative Reproduction Occurs when special cells, in plants and roots, divide repeatedly to form structures that will eventually develop into plants identical to the parent.

Runners

Bulbs

5. Spore Formation A spore is a reproductive cell that grows into a new individual by mitosis. Light in weight. Rely on water, or wind to carry spores away from parent plant.

Bread Mold Spores

Puffball

5.05 Use tools and apparatus to investigate growth of yeast cells Core Lab Activity 5-2B Pg. 162-164

5.06 Interpret trends in data, infer and explain relationships among the variables Core Lab Activity 5-2B Pg. 162-164

5.07 Communicate the results of an investigation into yeast population growth Core Lab Activity 5-2B Pg. 162-164

5.08 Summary of comparison for asexual and sexual reproduction Advantages Large # of offspring are produced quickly. Advantages Large colonies can form to out compete.

Continued… Advantages Large # of offspring mean the species may survive when conditions change Advantages Energy is not required to find a mate.

Continued… Disadvantages Offspring are genetic clones. Negative mutations can destroy large #s. Disadvantages Those produced close together must compete.

Continued… Disadvantages Unfavorable conditions can wipe out entire colonies.

Videos…Asexual reproduction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWfgpHKP0_4&feature=PlayList&p=08E14413B4A2B8B2&index=6 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=drcnTg7ZCoc&feature=PlayList&p=08E14413B4A2B8B2&index=9