The Importance of Interviewing

Key Concepts Why the interview is the fundamental form of gathering information in journalism. How to prepare in advance for an interview. How to conduct an effective interview.

Why is interviewing important? Interviews are usually the start of an article. Information can’t always be pulled from sources such as the internet or books, so interviews of individuals must take place.

Three types of interviews: Informative—this reports details because the person being interviewed provides his or her expertise on the subject. Opinion—reveals attitudes or viewpoints that are significant because they come from prominent people or authorities. Personality—tries to bring out a person by examining his or her life. Creates a snapshot or sketch of the person.

6 ways to prepare for an interview: Choose someone to interview—most of the time your story will determine who you will need to interview, or at least what type of person. Set up an appointment—don’t assume you can get an interview spur of the moment. Think about deadlines. Identify yourself—relates to misrepresentation. Tell them you are a reporter, you’re doing a story on ______, and whatever amount of time it may take.

Research the Source—you don’t want to waste time asking questions that you could already know. Research Topic—know at least the basics. Prepare questions in advance—sometimes we go blank—having these prepared will save you time and maybe embarrassment. However, you must be able to improvise if necessary.

Tips for a successful interview: Be a Bit Formal—don’t chew gum; don’t sit down until you’re invited—BE PROFESSIONAL! Dress Conservatively—again—this goes back to professionalism. Introduce yourself—publicly explain who you are and what your purpose is.

Ask permission—before you take pictures or use a tape recorder, ask permission of the source. Take notes Conspicuously—even if you use a tape recorder you need to take notes in case the tape malfunctions. Take notes Quickly—develop your own shorthand—this will improve with practice.

Observe the scene—check out the interviewee’s body language and surroundings. Adjust your style—change your style of questioning according to the person you’re interviewing. Techniques— “silent treatment”, “the ‘blame others’ technique”

Use the “matchmaker” technique—as if anyone else is involved in the issue or if there are other people the source would suggest talking to. You will need multiple sources. Conclude with thanks—always remember to thank the person you are interviewing.

Activity Exercise 1