A society characterized by security and changelessness  Protected by natural barriers ◦ Deserts (West and East) ◦ Mediterranean Sea (North) ◦ Cataracts.

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Presentation transcript:

A society characterized by security and changelessness  Protected by natural barriers ◦ Deserts (West and East) ◦ Mediterranean Sea (North) ◦ Cataracts (South) ◦ Red Sea (East)  Regular flooding

 Egyptian civilization arose slightly after Mesopotamia  3100 BCE King Menes unites villages of Upper and Lower Egypt (Dynasty)  3 major periods ◦ Old Kingdom (2700 – 2200 BC) ◦ Middle Kingdom (2050 – 1652 BC) ◦ New Kingdom (1567 – 1085 BC)  Religion ◦ Polytheistic ◦ Sun god (Atum, Re) ◦ Osiris (Resurrection )

 Pharaoh (Great House) ◦ Divine ◦ Absolute power  Bureaucracy  Vizier ◦ 42 provinces

 These are the Giza pyramids, the most famous. ◦ King Khufu  Pyramids were tombs for the kings.  Kings underwent process of mummification    These were built in 2500 B.C.E.

 After 150 interregnum Middle Kingdom is established  Looked upon as a “Golden Age”  Egypt expands to Nubia  Pharaoh transformed into more of a shepherd like figure  Delta drained  Canal dug between Nile and Red Sea

 Cultural Diffusion ◦ Chariot ◦ Bronze  Names you may know ◦ Hatshepsut ◦ Amenhotep IV -> Akhenaton ◦ Tutankhamen ◦ Cleopatra VII

Pharaoh Nobles and Priests Merchants, artisans, scribes and tax collectors Farmers

 Hieroglyphics “priest carvings”  Hieratic script  Ancient Egyptians wrote on papyrus, a substance derived from the plant of the same name