Announcements  Midterms will be returned 10/29  Look for answer key posted on course website this weekend  Community Event Reflection Paper Due 11/12  Can do as many community events as you’d like up to final exam  1 extra point added to total grade if successfully completed

Waves of War Decolonization and Southeast Asia

Spanish Philippines

French Indochina 1850s -1954

Decolonization  Decolonization: the undoing of colonialism, of unequal relations of political, cultural, social, economic power  Decolonization can lead into neocolonization  Informal vs formal colonization  Extractive vs associative relationship  Philippines – aborted revolution of 1898; Philippine independence “granted” by U.S.  Burma – civil war and military dictatorship  Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos – The Vietnam War, communist regimes, the costs of Cold War militarism

Cold War Neocolonialism  1 st world – developed capitalist nations; US & Western Europe  2 nd world – developed socialist nations; USSR & PRC  3 rd world – newly decolonized, developing/underdeveloped countries of Asia, Africa, & Latin America  Domino Theory & Militarism  (n)/ ˈ mil ə t ə ˌ riz ə m/ The belief that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests

From Decolonization to Cold War  1941 – Viet Minh Common Front established  Sept 2, 1946 – Ho Chi Minh establishes Democratic Republic of Vietnam  Jan 1950 – PRC recognizes Vietnamese independence  1954:  The Battle of Dien Bien Phu  Vietnam partitioned at 17 th parallel

 1964 – the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution  – Agent Orange dropped  March 1965 – Nov 1968 –539,129 total tons of bombs dropped  “we’re going to bomb them back into the Stone Age” (Air Force Chief of Staff Curtis LeMay)  Jan 1968 – Tet Offensive  March 1968 – My Lai Massacre  March 1969 – May 1970 – Nixon allows secret bombing of Cambodia and Laos  April 30, 1975 – the fall of Saigon The Vietnam War