BOGDAN GUTKOWSKI Polish Wind Energy Society (PTEW) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT of ENERGY PRODUCTION and TRANSPORTATION ON THE BALTIC SEA

Is the international cooperation in the offshore wind energy necessary? What activities can and what should be the subject of international cooperation? What cooperation models and when can produce the best results?

Offshore power sector  Offshore wind farms  Connection grids  Underwater transmission grids

Problems to solve at the project accomplishment stage (from investor’s perspective)

Development Planing Strategies on the way and directions of the offshore wind power sector. Legislation Creation of investment process legal conditions (area development plans, investment rules and procedures) Formal & legal infrastructure for investment in given territorial waters area

FORMAL INFRASTRUCTURE of INVESTMENT ON SPECIFIC TERRITORIAL WATERS Investment project design/preparation Investment project formal and legal preparation. Project risk factors identification. Engineering design. Public consultation Public Relation operations in an investment project and public consultation for the planning and accomplishment stage Special zones problem Limited access zones: fishing zones navigation zones underwater obstruction zones (power and telecommunication lines) military zones

ENGINEERING/ECOLOGICAL SURVEY AND STUDIES SECTOR Wind metering Wind potential survey for particular investment project needs Bird migration surveys Bird migration survey and effects of impact thereof on the planned wind farm. Marine fauna and flora Definition of the impact of the future wind farm on the marine organisms environment. Geological surveys Sea bed surveys do identify of a possibility for wind turbine setting and cables arrangement

REALISATION AND OPERATION Financing Arrangement of investment project financing by the national and international finance institutions Equipment delivery/wind farm construction Delivery of wind turbines and other subassemblies along with farm development works Connection grids construction Construction of transmission grids connecting the offshore wind farms with the inland systems Inland transmission grids extension Transmission grids extension at the national level (to take up power from the offshore wind farms)

Current attendance and technical service of operational installations Organisation of firms specialised in offshore wind farm service Power balancing Balancing wind power with the conventional power generated in commercial power stations REALISATION AND OPERATION

OFFSHORE WIND FARM CONSTRUCTION CONNECTION GRIDS CONSTRUCTION

SUPER GRID Construction Problems to solve

Conclusion: International cooperation – recommended

Conclusion: International cooperation – essential

GRID INTEGRATION IN EUROPE

BALTIC SEA POWER SECTOR COOPERATION full independence of particular country’s decisionsrandom technical solutionsno grid integration developmentdanger for environment and communitiesno assurance for continuous power supplieslimited (local) sources of investment projects financingno comprehensive Baltic Sea power sector problems solution Lack of international cooperation

Ad hoc international cooperation full independence of decisionsrandom technical solutionsno grid integration developmentpartly reduced danger for the environment and communitiesno assurance for continuous power supplieslimited (local) sources of investment projects financingno comprehensive Baltic Sea power sector problems solution BALTIC SEA POWER SECTOR COOPERATION

Network international cooperation reduced independence of decisionstechnical solutions close to the best possible solutionsgrid integration development is possibleconsiderably reduced danger for the environment and communitiesincreased assurance for continuous power suppliesincreased use of the available investment project financing sourceselements of comprehensive Baltic Sea power sector problems solution BALTIC SEA POWER SECTOR COOPERATION

Cluster/Foundation international cooperation lack of decisions independencethe most modern technical solutionsfull power grids integrationminimised danger for the environment and communitieshigh assurance for continuous power suppliesfull use of the investment project financing sourcesfully comprehensive Baltic Sea power sector problems solution BALTIC SEA POWER SECTOR COOPERATION