ENERGY CONSUMPTION PATTERNS AND TRENDS ENERGY CONVERSION 3154/5

PROCESS AIR WATER WASTEENERGY HUMAN ACTIVITY HUMAN PROCESS FLOW CHART

U3A Bath 13 March 2003 Geoff Hammond

MATERIAL RESOURCE EXTRACTION PROCESSING METAL/POLYMER FABRICATION END USE ENERGY RESOURCE POLLUTION WASTE HEAT NOISE METABOLISM OF INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY

FUEL ENERGY POLLUTION THERMAL CHEMICAL RADIOACTIVE ETC EXTRACTION TRANSPORTATION REFINING CONVERSION TRANSMISSION END USE THE ENERGY COST OF ENERGY SUPPLY

Geoff Hammond U3A Bath 13 March 2003

DEMOGRAPHICS WORLD POP INC. EXPONENTIALLY DIFFERENTAIL GROWTH OF DC AND LDC PRESENT POP 6.3 BILLION HALF UNDER 25YRS OLD POP INCREASING BY 70 MILLION/YR

TWO-STATE MODEL MALTHUS DOCTRINE

US ENERGY CONSUMPTION WORLD POP IC ENGINE FARADAY WATT

DOUBLING TIME THE TIME TAKEN TO DOUBLE THE CONSUMPTION OF ANYTHING IS GIVEN BY DIVIDING 70 BY THE % ANNUAL INCREASE THE ANNUAL INCREASE IN THE POPULATION OF THE WORLD IS 2%, SO THE DOUBLING TIME IS 35 YEARS THE ANNUAL INCREASE IN ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE USA IS 7% SO THE DOUBLING TIME IS 10 YEARS

WORLD POPULATION DATEPOP xDT (YEARS) 8000 BC AD AD AD AD AD8000??

FOOD RESOURCES FOOD – 8 BILLION CULTIVATABLE ACRES NEED 1 ACRE PER PERSON PER YEAR GM CROPS?

EXPONENTIAL GROWTH A SIMPLE EXPONENTIAL SERIES IS ONE IN WHICH THE LAST TERM IS DOUBLE THE PREVIOUS TERM EG 1,2,4,8,16,ETC A PROPERTY OF SUCH A SERIES IS THAT THE LAST TERM IS BIGGER THAN THE SUM OF ALL THE PREVIOUS TERMS IN THE NEXT 35 YEARS THERE WILL BE MORE PEOPLE BORN THAN IN THE WHOLE OF HISTORY IN THE NEXT 10 YEARS THE USA WILL USE MORE FUEL THAN IN THE WHOLE OF HISTORY

CONSUMPTION OF A FINITE RESOURCE 5 TIMES MORE FOR DOUBLE LIFE SUPPOSE THAT 0.01% USED 1/10,000 OF KNOWN RESERVE EXHAUSTION IN 13.3 DOUBLING TIMES FOR DT = 10 YRS, ALL GONE IN 135 YRS

ELECTRIFICATION ALL DEVELOPED SOCIETIES SHOW A TREND TOWARDS GREATER USE OF ELECTRICITY THIS MEANS HIGHER CONSUMPTION OF PRIMARY FUELS THIS MEANS MORE ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION

THE INFLUENCE OF THE USA 5% 0F THE WORLD’S POPULATION USING 60% OF THE WORLD’S ENERGY AND PRODUCING MOST OF THE WORLD’S POLLUTION WILL NOT RATIFY THE KYOTO PROTOCOL

PATTERN OF ENERGY USE IN THE USA, 1970 SANKEY DIAGRAM

US ENERGY USE PATTERNS 1985

CONSEQUENCES OF ELECTRIFICATION