Do not show anything that you cannot explain, unless you use it as an example of “we do not yet know why” Use simple backgrounds, such as plain white or very pale yellow, unless your sponsor wants all the logos Avoid overly busy slides, unless you want to use the over-business to make a point People remember annotated photographs and graphs. Show people in photographs if possible. Plain bullets are less effective. (so, why am I using them here?) Avoid animation (i.e., bringing in items one by one on a slide). They will trip you up in a presentation. If there is a clear conclusion, say it early. Then, repeat at the end once the evidence has been shown. Don’t overexplain on the PPT itself – explain more fully when you present it Offer to give a PDF version to anyone who asks, or perhaps make it available on your web page. Consider LINKEDIN. Avoid FACEBOOK. Some PPT tips

Desert Sky Wind Farm (approx 350 miles southwest of Baylor) 65 m Blade length 35 m 101m At least 100 wind turbines in a wind farm Operate at 10 – 20 RPM, with wind speed range 8 – 56 MPH Approx. 10 wind turbines (15 MW) per square mile. Thus, a farm needs at least 10 square miles. Metric units – about 6 MW per square km.

Desert Sky Wind Farm (approx 350 miles southwest of Baylor) 65 m Blade length 35 m 101m At least 100 wind turbines in a wind farm Operate at 10 – 20 RPM, with wind speed range 8 – 56 MPH Approx. 10 wind turbines (15 MW) per square mile. Thus, a farm needs at least 10 square miles. Metric units – about 6 MW per square km.

65 m 101m

65 m 101m 88 m

These are about 1pu Why are Synchrophasors Important? Here’s All You Need to Remember Average Power Flow P Through a Mostly Inductive Transmission Line (138kV and above) +─+─ +─+─ ground For small x, sin(x) = x Charles Steinmetz, developed phasor theory to analyze AC circuits Stability limit is when the angle difference reaches 90 degrees

The Source of Most of Our Synchrophasor Data OK for most synchrophasor applications Factor in net 30° phase shift due to transformers and unknown a-b-c phase Recognize there is a slowing varying 2° or 3° daily phase lag pattern down distribution feeders Having one at every airport control tower would provide independent “heads up” early warning about grid problems across US and Canada Non-Disclosure agreements are not required!

ERCOT’s graph of West-to-North P flow Texas Synchrophasor Network’s graph of West- to-Central ERCOT Voltage Angle This is probably the world’s first electricity market-induced grid oscillation! Price went down, then wind gens responded, then price went up, then wind gens responded, 12-hour window 12 hour window Candidate for Ripley’s Believe It or Not?

Time-aligned seismic activity measured at Amarillo (about 400 miles away) USGS says the explosion occurred at 07:50:38 pm CDT The West, Texas, Explosion, April 17, Seconds of RMS Voltage Measured at Baylor University (West is about 20 miles north of Waco)

42 Major Unit Trips, 0.1 Hz or Greater. Conclusion - No Correlation Between Wind Generation and System Inertia 6 months

Evaluating the Performance of Solar PV Installations, Taking Into Account Actual Weather and Panel Orientation Prof. Mack Grady and Mr. Billy Anderson, Baylor University Update for Ms. Andee Chamberlain, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Ms. Lucy Stolzenburg, Texas Solar Energy Society September 30, 2013

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N 71.3 kW Rated

Andee Chamberlain Sustainability Programs Manager Texas Parks and Wildlife

Summer Solstice Winter Solstice Sept. 30

1 pm CST 1 hour average ending at 17:00 1 hour delay in PV output is due to array azimuth shift

This is a work in progress. Thank you!