4.4 Traditional, Non- commercial farming World Geo 3200/3202

Outcomes Compare commercial farming and subsistence farming. (k) Compare commercial farming and subsistence farming. (k) Compare extensive farming and intensive farming. (k) Compare extensive farming and intensive farming. (k) State definitions for the terms shifting cultivation, agribusiness, and nomadic herding. (k) State definitions for the terms shifting cultivation, agribusiness, and nomadic herding. (k)

Types of Agriculture There are many different types of agriculture being practiced all over the world. However, it is possible to classify the type of farms based on similar characteristics. This lesson provides you with some classifications of farms. There are many different types of agriculture being practiced all over the world. However, it is possible to classify the type of farms based on similar characteristics. This lesson provides you with some classifications of farms. We are not looking at all classifications but you must remember these. You will be asked to apply these to case studies of farm systems. We are not looking at all classifications but you must remember these. You will be asked to apply these to case studies of farm systems.

Types of Agriculture 1. commercial farming and subsistence farming 2. extensive farming and intensive farming 3. shifting cultivation, agribusiness, and nomadic herding

Commercial vs Subsistence Farming Commercial farming involves the production of food for sale (The large wheat farms of the prairies) Commercial farming involves the production of food for sale (The large wheat farms of the prairies) Subsistence farming involves the production of food to feed your family.(Uncle Jim's vegetable garden in the back yard would be subsistence.) Subsistence farming involves the production of food to feed your family.(Uncle Jim's vegetable garden in the back yard would be subsistence.)

Extensive vs Intensive Agriculture Extensive agriculture uses large tracts of inexpensive land in unpopulated areas( Cattle farming in western Canada) Extensive agriculture uses large tracts of inexpensive land in unpopulated areas( Cattle farming in western Canada) Intensive agriculture normally uses smaller tracts of land in more densely populated areas. (Dairy farming in the Goulds) Intensive agriculture normally uses smaller tracts of land in more densely populated areas. (Dairy farming in the Goulds)

Intensive vs. Extensive Farming Intensive agriculture involves farming a relatively small amount of land in a concentrated fashion with the use of large amounts of labour & capital to produce high profits per hectare Intensive agriculture involves farming a relatively small amount of land in a concentrated fashion with the use of large amounts of labour & capital to produce high profits per hectare Fruits, vegetables, dairy, poultry, & hogs Fruits, vegetables, dairy, poultry, & hogs High crop yields High crop yields Found in densely populated areas such as Ontario & Quebec & around major cities where land prices are high Found in densely populated areas such as Ontario & Quebec & around major cities where land prices are high

Intensive vs. Extensive Farming Extensive agriculture involves the use of large amounts of land with limited amounts of labour & capital Extensive agriculture involves the use of large amounts of land with limited amounts of labour & capital Cattle farming / ranching, grain / oil seed growing, & mixed farming Cattle farming / ranching, grain / oil seed growing, & mixed farming Low crop yields Low crop yields Highly mechanized & requires few workers Highly mechanized & requires few workers Common in the Prairie provinces & parts of Ontario & Quebec located away from the major cities Common in the Prairie provinces & parts of Ontario & Quebec located away from the major cities

Shifting Cultivation Shifting cultivation is another form of extensive agriculture. Shifting cultivation is another form of extensive agriculture. Planting crops in a region until fertility diminishes and then moving to a fresh area to plant, means there must be lots of land available. Planting crops in a region until fertility diminishes and then moving to a fresh area to plant, means there must be lots of land available.

Nomadic Herding Nomadic herding is similar to shifting agriculture in that it involves moving from place to place with an extensive use of land Nomadic herding is similar to shifting agriculture in that it involves moving from place to place with an extensive use of land Differs from shifting agriculture because nomadic herding involves the raising of cattle, sheep or other herding animals. Differs from shifting agriculture because nomadic herding involves the raising of cattle, sheep or other herding animals.

Agribusiness Agribusiness is a form of commercial farming. Agribusiness is a form of commercial farming. It is run by large corporations that are self sufficient providing their own inputs and processing their own outputs. It is run by large corporations that are self sufficient providing their own inputs and processing their own outputs.

Test yourself _?_ involves the production of food for sale. _?_ involves the production of food for sale. _?_ involves the production of food to feed your family. _?_ involves the production of food to feed your family. The large wheat farms of the prairies would examples of _?_ farming. The large wheat farms of the prairies would examples of _?_ farming. The Sprung Green house that was in Mount Pearl was _?_ farming. The Sprung Green house that was in Mount Pearl was _?_ farming. _?_ uses large tracts of inexpensive land in less populated areas. _?_ uses large tracts of inexpensive land in less populated areas. _?_ normally uses smaller tracts of land in densely populated areas. _?_ normally uses smaller tracts of land in densely populated areas. Cattle ranges in western Canada would be _?_ farming. Cattle ranges in western Canada would be _?_ farming. _?_ cultivation is another form of extensive agriculture. Planting crops in a region until fertility diminishes and then moving to a fresh area to plant crops. _?_ cultivation is another form of extensive agriculture. Planting crops in a region until fertility diminishes and then moving to a fresh area to plant crops. _?_ herding is similar to shifting agriculture in that it involves moving from place to place with an extensive use of land but differs in that it involves the raising of cattle, sheep or other herding animals. _?_ herding is similar to shifting agriculture in that it involves moving from place to place with an extensive use of land but differs in that it involves the raising of cattle, sheep or other herding animals. _?_ is a form of commercial farming, run by large corporations that are self sufficient providing their own inputs and processing their own outputs. _?_ is a form of commercial farming, run by large corporations that are self sufficient providing their own inputs and processing their own outputs.

"Rice Farming in Bangladesh & Shifting Cultivation in Borneo“ are good examples of intensive subsistence farming. "Rice Farming in Bangladesh & Shifting Cultivation in Borneo“ are good examples of intensive subsistence farming. Small tract of land in densely populated area but involves production to feed family Small tract of land in densely populated area but involves production to feed family

"Plantation Farming in Hawaii“, "Wheat Farming in The Ukraine"& "An Agribusiness in the Philippines“ are all good examples of extensive commercial farming. "Plantation Farming in Hawaii“, "Wheat Farming in The Ukraine"& "An Agribusiness in the Philippines“ are all good examples of extensive commercial farming. Extensive uses large tracts of inexpensive land in unpopulated areas & they all involve the production of food for sale Extensive uses large tracts of inexpensive land in unpopulated areas & they all involve the production of food for sale