NHTSA Novice Driver Initiatives Driver Education and Graduated Licensing Thomas M. Louizou, Regional Administrator NHTSA Eastern Region May 10, 2007

Crash Rate by Driver Age ( GES data; IIHS, 2006) Crash involvement per million miles traveled

Driver Death Rates by Age and Passenger Presence per 10 Million Trips, Source: Chen et al. (2000)

Fatal Crash Involvement, Day vs. Night (IIHS, )

16-20 Year Old Alcohol Involved Fatalities

Crash Rates are Highest … During the first few months/miles of driving During the first few months/miles of driving At night At night With teenage passengers With teenage passengers With alcohol With alcohol

Graduated Driver Licensing 45 States, DC and PR 45 States, DC and PR All have 3-stage systems with most model components, although none has all components All have 3-stage systems with most model components, although none has all components Detailed list of State laws can be found at Detailed list of State laws can be found at Common restrictions include: Common restrictions include: limiting passengers, nighttime driving and cell phone use limiting passengers, nighttime driving and cell phone use Safety belt requirements Safety belt requirements Zero tolerance alcohol restrictions Zero tolerance alcohol restrictions

How Effective is GDL, and Why? StateCrashReduction Florida9% Michigan26% North Carolina 25% Oregon16% Nova Scotia 24% Ontario31% Expands the learning process Expands the learning process Reduces risk exposure Reduces risk exposure Improves driving proficiency Improves driving proficiency Enhances motivation for self-driving Enhances motivation for self-driving

Driver Involvement Rates (Ages 15-17) NHTSA, NCSA Information Services Branch; U.S. Census Bureau; IIHS MS SD MO KY AL DE KS AR ID WY OK MT TNNE NM NDSC GA WV IN IA NC CO VTLA WIFL MNAZ ME TX MI NV UT OH VA IL PA AK MD OR NH RI DC WA CT HI CA MA NY NJ Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes Per 100K Population IIHS Rating of GDL Components - Good - Fair - Marginal - Poor NJ

NHTSA Efforts Will convene an expert working group to develop national standards on driver ed and a national conference to consider consensus recommendations Will convene an expert working group to develop national standards on driver ed and a national conference to consider consensus recommendations Continues to conduct extensive research into GDL, Driver Ed, and related issues Continues to conduct extensive research into GDL, Driver Ed, and related issues

Oregon: GDL Program Oregon: GDL Program Texas: Parent-Taught driver ed Texas: Parent-Taught driver ed Parent-taught drivers are at a greater risk for crashes/injuries Parent-taught drivers are at a greater risk for crashes/injuries Wisconsin and Tennessee: GDL & belts Wisconsin and Tennessee: GDL & belts Massachusetts: PC-based risk awareness training Massachusetts: PC-based risk awareness training Georgia: TADRA Act Georgia: TADRA Act 16-year-old driver crash rates declined by 36.8% in 5+ years since enactment 16-year-old driver crash rates declined by 36.8% in 5+ years since enactment Michigan: GDL Program Michigan: GDL Program Arizona: Social Norms & Teen Belt Use Arizona: Social Norms & Teen Belt Use NHTSA State-Specific Research

Evaluation of passenger restrictions Evaluation of passenger restrictions National GDL evaluation National GDL evaluation Process evaluation of Drivers Ed in the U.S. Process evaluation of Drivers Ed in the U.S. Feasibility Study - Evaluating Driver Ed Feasibility Study - Evaluating Driver Ed Evaluation of Drivers Edge Evaluation of Drivers Edge Next Generation Driver Ed Next Generation Driver Ed Other NHTSA Research

Summary Young driver fatal crash rates are very high Young driver fatal crash rates are very high States vary widely with respect to crash rates and quality of laws States vary widely with respect to crash rates and quality of laws GDL laws are effective in reducing crashes GDL laws are effective in reducing crashes There is a relationship between low rates and strong laws There is a relationship between low rates and strong laws There is limited research on impact effectiveness of driver education There is limited research on impact effectiveness of driver education NHTSA has existing and planned products and activities to assist States NHTSA has existing and planned products and activities to assist States

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