Content-Centric Networking Media Drivers and Network Research Challenges Miguel Rio Dept of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University College London, UK

Drivers For Change Low Energy Economy Cheaper Input/Output Devices Faster Networks Cheaper Memory Traditional Media will fight back for survival

CCN for Just in Time Media Objects We need to shift from connecting end nodes to connecting users to content As memory prices come down, routers will be able to play a bigger role here. The borderline between routers and servers will be blurred. Routers may become more cross-layer New router level algorithms and protocols need to be developed to locate and retrieve content much more efficiently Content Object Media Rules Behaviour Relations Characteristics Object Execution/Handling Environment

Distributed Object Search Today’s Search market is centralised. This is often inefficient and does not create the right incentives to expose meta-data Distributed Object search will change this. Content producers/replicators may want to hold the meta-data. Time to index will be reduced but algorithms will be complicated!

Multi-Stream Objects The types of media available will increase: 3D, multi- sensory, generated by several viewpoints (potentially by several people) Coordination and Synchronisation of this data in real- time is a major challenge In other words: how to implement the relations between media objects is an important issue for CCN

Location Based Media Objects Lots of content will be displayed with a dependency on the location of the user User mobility and fast content retrieval need to be part of the Content-Centric Internet infrastructure

Personalisation and Rating of Objects With the “end of broadcast”, users will want more personalisation (both on content and on advertisement) Efficient content and user ratings will be crucial, potentially using social networks

Privacy Protection Personalisation brings an increased danger of loss of privacy Despite some evidence from online social networks that privacy is overrated, we believe that many people in many scenarios care seriously about privacy Creating Privacy Preserving Services embedded in the Internet Fabric should be a research priority

Q o E Accountability Another aspect that needs to be seriously considered as part of the Internet Fabric is open e2e monitoring and QoE accountability Although we have the technology to implement QoS, competition in the ISP market is not efficient because of lack of transparency/accountability. The user does not know who to blame and has no QoS information to compare services