Biology for Future Presidents Important Concepts That Can Be Easily Understood Unless noted, the course materials are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Taiwan (CC BY-NC-SA 2.5)Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Taiwan by Professor Larry N. Vanderhoef Chancellor Emeritus & Distinguished Professor University of California, Davis, U.S.A Man’s Place in the Tree of Life Evolution, Artificial Selection Week3 Design courtesy of fppt.com

Man’s Place in the Tree of Life Animals Human Evolution

Tree of Life – Animals Prokaryotes apbio-werle Kaitlyn Walsh 3

Tree of Life – Animals “Primitive” Plants & Animals Protists chlamydomonas Volvox wikileon-period2 4

Tree of Life - Animals Blue Whale “You really do have to see it to …” synch-ro-ni-zing Source: NMFS Northeast Fisheries Science Center+ 5 FRANK OCEAN Blue Whale (Track) - INPAQ - Official Site Connect Prepare Ready – INPAQ

Tree of Life - Animals Artificial Protocell Man-made cell-like structure Flickr Ethan Hein 6

Tree of Life – Animals Platyhelminthes ● About 1 mm long ● Eye spots detect light Eye spots evolving into eyes is not at all inconceivable, given enough time and there has been enough time. Flickr starbooze Wikimedia Commons:User:Delta G 7 Växternas och djurens systematik

Tree of Life – Animals 3.8 bya 3.2 bya 2.7 bya 1.2 bya 900 mya Origin of mitochondria Archaean line Eukaryote line Bacterial line Photosynthesis Origin of chloroplasts Origin of nucleus Source: Biology Today and Tomorrow – Figure 13.8 – Page 247, Nature Geoscience, David Wacey, Martin Brazier, et. al. 8

Tree of Life – Animals Cyanobacteria Microbe life educational resource Flickr Stefe Source: Brooks/Cole, Cengagae Learning 9

Tree of Life – Animals Brain size and brain frontal lobe Wikia Lifeartist 10

Tree of Life - Animals Buffalo slaughter 11

Tree of Life - Animals Global warming I Wikipedia: Author Unknown Global Awareness PD - Angelo-Kate-Jen 12

Tree of Life – Animals Heart worm in dogs Wikimedia Commons Joelmills 13

Tree of Life – Animals Elephantiasis Wikimedia Commons Dr. Steven A. Williams 14

Tree of Life – Animals Horseshoe crab Flickr U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service - Northeast Region 15 (Roughly) Daily, by Lawrence Wilkinson

Tree of Life – Animals Flies Wikipedia Alvesgaspar Flickr rizalis (malaysian macro team) 16

Tree of Life – Animals Amphibians 17

Tree of Life – Animals Dolphins, Whales, Porpoises Flickr soberch LOS DELFINES ESTAN REINVENTANDO SU LENGUAJE Y USAN UNO INTERMEDIO CON OTRAS ESPECIES – UNIVERSITAM Britain cracking down on illegal whale immigration - Scrape TV - The World on your side 18

Tree of Life – Animals Alligators & Crocodiles Flickr tonkatoy Flickr CGAphoto Source: the Encyclopædia Britannica

Tree of Life – Animals Birds Wikimedia Commons Alan Vernon Wikipedia L. Shyamal Wikimedia Commons shirley binn 20

Tree of Life – Animals Archaeopterix An early “reptile-bird” designeranimals2011 Wikimedia Commons NobuTamura Wikimedia Commons w:en:User:Stephan Schulz 21

Tree of Life – Animals Lucy BTT - Page 314 Wikipedia Pbuergler LLDS - ORIGEN Y EVOLUCION DEL SER HUMANO The Timeline of Human Evolution « Science-Based Life 22

Tree of Life – Animals (Early humans) Homo erectus Neanderthal man Homo floresiensis About 150,000 years ago La Factoria Historica Factoria Historica The Sizzle in Science Source: Biology Today and Tomorrow – Figure page Se expone por primera vez un esqueleto del “Hobbit” (Homo floresiensis) — Tecnoculto

Tree of Life – Humans Source: This work originally comes from USATODAY.com+ 24

Tree of Life – Early Humans Ardipithecus ramidus Il Fatto Storico 25

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Wikipedia Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH /12/20 visited Wikipedia Mariana Ruiz Villarreal /12/20 visited apbio-werle - Kaitlyn Walsh 34) 2011/12/20 visited Wikipedia Claudio Miklos /12/20 visited This work is from Biological Clocks in Protista A Blog Around The Clock, Scientific American Blog Network+ and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( 305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// 305-OCW-Oct29.pdf Copyright Declaration 26

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source wikileon-period /12/20 visited This work is from Archaea, Bacteria, Viruses, and Protists+ and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( 305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// 305-OCW-Oct29.pdf FRANK OCEAN Blue Whale (Track) - INPAQ - Official Site Connect Prepare Ready – INPAQ /10/29 visited synch-ro-ni-zing /3/13 visited This work is from NMFS Northeast Fisheries Science Center+ GET uses this work subject to fair use doctrine for educational purpose only in based on its Disclaimer: and Articles 52 & 65 of Taiwan Copyright Act. Copyright Declaration 27

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Flickr Ethan Hein /12/20 visited This work is from aquasturias.com Ver Tema - socorro¡¡¡..pulgas en el musgo del gambario+ and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( 305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// 305-OCW-Oct29.pdf Växternas och djurens systematik och-systematik/224-vaexternas-och-djurens-systematik.htmlhttp:// och-systematik/224-vaexternas-och-djurens-systematik.html. 2012/10/29 visited Flickr starbooze /12/20 visited Wikimedia Commons:User:Delta G, derivative work: RexxS & Aibdescalzo -es.svg 2011/12/20 visited Copyright Declaration 28

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source This work is from Biology Today and Tomorrow – Figure 13.8 – Page 247, Nature Geoscience, David Wacey, Martin Brazier, et. al. This work is subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// Microbe life educational resource /12/20 visited Flickr Stefe /12/20 visited This work is from Brooks/Cole, Cengagae Learning, and this work is subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// Wikipedia Primalchaos /12/20 visited Copyright Declaration 29

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Wikia Lifeartist /12/20 visited Wikipedia: Author Unknown /12/20 visited Wikimedia Commons Karl Bodmer he_bison_by_Karl_Bodmer.jpg 2011/12/20 visited Wikipedia: Author Unknown /12/20 visited Global Awareness PD - Angelo-Kate-Jen /5/18 visited Copyright Declaration 30

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Wikimedia Commons Joelmills /12/20 visited Wikimedia Commons the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention /12/20 visited Wikimedia Commons Dr. Steven A. Williams /12/20 visited Wikimedia Commons Mary Hollinger l.jpg 2011/12/20 visited (Roughly) Daily, by Lawrence Wilkinson didnt-know/ didnt-know/ 2012/130 visited Copyright Declaration 31

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Flickr U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service - Northeast Region /12/20 visited Wikipedia Alvesgaspar /12/20 visited Flickr rizalis (malaysian macro team) /12/21 visited This work is from Ejemplos de anfibios Diccionario Visual and this work is subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// Britain cracking down on illegal whale immigration - Scrape TV - The World on your side illegal-whale-immigration-Scrape-TV-The-World-on-your-side html 2012/6/14 visited Copyright Declaration 32

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Flickr soberch /12/21 visited LOS DELFINES ESTAN REINVENTANDO SU LENGUAJE Y USAN UNO INTERMEDIO CON OTRAS ESPECIES – UNIVERSITAM /5/25 visited Flickr tonkatoy 2011/12/21 visited Flickr CGAphoto /12/21 visited This work is from the Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( 305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// 305-OCW-Oct29.pdf Copyright Declaration 33

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Wikimedia Commons Alan Vernon ineta_thalassina).jpg 2011/12/21 visited Wikimedia Commons shirley binn adult_feeding_chicks_in_a_nestbox-8.jpg?uselang=zh-tw 2012/3/16 visited Wikipedia L. Shyamal /12/21 visited Wikimedia Commons Dave Menke /12/21 visited This work is from free-extras.com+ and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// Copyright Declaration 34

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Wikimedia Commons NobuTamura /12/21 visited Wikimedia Commons w:en:User:Stephan Schulz hermopolis.jpg 2011/12/21 visited Designeranimals2011, by Garrick Lai l-+Archaeopteryx)+-+Garrick 2012/3/16 visited The Timeline of Human Evolution « Science-Based Life /5/25 visited LLDS - ORIGEN Y EVOLUCION DEL SER HUMANO /5/25 visited Copyright Declaration 35

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Wikimedia Commons Pbuergler onstruction.JPG 2011/12/21 visited Wikipedia: Author Unknown /12/21 visited La Factoria Historica Factoria Historica el-homo-erectus/ 2012/3/16 visited The Sizzle in Science /3/16 visited This work is from Biology Today and Tomorrow – Figure page 315. This work is subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// Copyright Declaration 36

WorkLicenseAuthor/Source Se expone por primera vez un esqueleto del “Hobbit” (Homo floresiensis) — Tecnoculto hobbit-homo-floresiensis/ 2012/10/31 visited This work originally comes from USATODAY.com+ auel13_ST_N.htm and it is used/modified and subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: auel13_ST_N.htm Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 term of use The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 ( by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Acthttp:// Il Fatto Storico /3/16 visited Page1. – 37. This work is from Outsource PowerPoint Template Free Powerpoint Templates+ GET uses this work subject to fair use doctrine for educational purpose only in based on its ABOUT: and Articles 52 & 65 of Taiwan Copyright Act. Copyright Declaration 37