Graphs, Tables and Variables By the end of the lesson you should be able to: 1)Draw a results table 2)Decide whether a line graph or bar chart is most appropriate 3)Draw a perfect graph 4)Remember the important variables words and use them properly.

-er describing words faster brighter Patterns!

The ______er the ____ the _______er the__________

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The ______er the ____ the _______er the__________ 40p £1.99 £4.99

As the ________ increased then the _________increased/decreased/did nothing. Age Score in a maths test

As the ________ increased then the _________increased/decreased/did nothing. Height of the person Score in a maths test

As the ________ increased then the _________increased/decreased/changed. Fitness of the person Time taken to run 100m

How to draw a perfect table

How Science Works Independent variable The variable you change to see what happens.

How Science Works Dependent variable The variable that you measure.

How to draw a perfect table I.V. D.V.

An experiment to see if drinking coke makes me stay awake longer than drinking water. An experiment to see which type of fish food makes my fish live longer An experiment to see which type of oil makes my car brake faster An experiment to see whether boys or girls are better at scoring goals in football An experiment to see if Pantene or Herbal Essences makes your hair more shiny An experiment to see which type of bait attracts the biggest fish

Graphs Continuous variable for IV Line graph The perfect line graph looks like… Discrete/categoric variable for IV Bar chart The perfect bar graph looks like…

Example Does the temperature of the washing machine affect the percentage of stains removed from my clothes? 10°c = 20% 70°c = 5% 40°c = 90% 50°c = 50% 20°c = 50% 30°c = 80% 60°c = 30%

Odd results X X X X X X X Length of foot Height of person

How Science Works Continuous variables Variables that can have any numerical value. You should use a line graph to show this type of data.

How Science Works Categoric variables Variables that are described by labels. You should use a bar chart to show this type of data.

How Science Works Reliability If someone else can repeat your measurements and get the same results then your results are reliable. Carrying out repeat measurements checks the reliability of your results.

How Science Works Independent variable The variable you change to see what happens.

How Science Works Dependent variable The variable that you measure.

How Science Works Control variables The factors you need to keep the same to make your test fair

How Science Works A fair test An investigation or experiment where only the independent variable has been allowed to affect the dependent variable. This means only changing one variable and keeping everything else the same.

How Science Works Validity Your results must be valid if you are going to be able to draw a conclusion from them. To get valid results you need to carry out a fair test.

How Science Works Continuous variables Variables that can have any numerical value. You should use a line graph to show this type of data.

How Science Works Categoric variables Variables that are described by labels. You should use a bar chart to show this type of data.

PreciseIndependent variable 2 marksRandom errors Line graphAccurateContinuous variable Bar chart Control variable UnitsValidDependent variable Reliable25%Systematic errors Fair test Categoric variable Take repeats and average 4 marks %

Investigation Words Bingo! IV DV Reliable Control variables Control experiment Accurate Precise Fair test Biased Valid

KEY WORDS Precise Independent variableAccurate Random errors Line graphCausal relationship Continuous variableBar chart Control variableUnitsValidDependent variable ReliableSystematic errorsFair test Categoric variableTake repeats and average Correlation

PreciseIndependent variable AccurateRandom errors Line graphCausal relationship Continuous variable Bar chart Control variable UnitsValidDependent variable Reliable25%Systematic errors Fair test Categoric variable Take repeats and average Correlation %