Europe between the wars

Hiperinflation

4 forms of government Democratic Democratic Authoritarian Authoritarian Totalitarian Totalitarian Colonial Colonial Most of Europe is left politically, economically and socially unstable after WWI. The result is emergence of radical left or right wing ideologies, which overcome the fragile emerging democracy. Most of Europe is left politically, economically and socially unstable after WWI. The result is emergence of radical left or right wing ideologies, which overcome the fragile emerging democracy.

Russia – USSR Nov. 7, 1917 – Revolution brings the Bolshevik party to power. Nov. 7, 1917 – Revolution brings the Bolshevik party to power – 1920 – Civil war, war communism – 1920 – Civil war, war communism Russo – Polish war Russo – Polish war Russia takes over Mongolia and Georgia Russia takes over Mongolia and Georgia 1922 – USSR established 1922 – USSR established Treaty of Genoa – USSR is recognized by Germany Treaty of Genoa – USSR is recognized by Germany

Lenin’s conclusions Imperialism is the highest and last stage in the development of Capitalism. Imperialism is the highest and last stage in the development of Capitalism. Imperialism is the prelude to a proletarian revolution. Imperialism is the prelude to a proletarian revolution. The revolution will be worldwide and lead to the creation of a world soviet republic. The revolution will be worldwide and lead to the creation of a world soviet republic. The revolution will be lead by the vanguard – the Communist party The revolution will be lead by the vanguard – the Communist party The social democrats have fulfilled their historical role and have become servants of the bourgeoisie and therefore enemy of the revolution. The social democrats have fulfilled their historical role and have become servants of the bourgeoisie and therefore enemy of the revolution – 1926 – NEP – an attempt to attract foreign capital and grow the economy by introducing controlled capitalist elements – 1926 – NEP – an attempt to attract foreign capital and grow the economy by introducing controlled capitalist elements. Jan – Lenin died. Stalin takes power and moves towards complete control of the government over the economy – socialism. Jan – Lenin died. Stalin takes power and moves towards complete control of the government over the economy – socialism.

Results of Versailles Germany lost 11% of population, 13% of territory, 75% of iron deposits, 26% of coal deposits, 25% of steel factories. Germany lost 11% of population, 13% of territory, 75% of iron deposits, 26% of coal deposits, 25% of steel factories – reparations finalized – 132bln DM in gold. 52% go to France, 22% to Britain, 10% to Italy, 8% to Belgium, 8% the rest 1921 – reparations finalized – 132bln DM in gold. 52% go to France, 22% to Britain, 10% to Italy, 8% to Belgium, 8% the rest Dec – Germany runs out of money. Dec – Germany runs out of money. Jan. 11, 1923 – France and Belgium declare war on Germany without consulting the League of Nations and occupy Ruhr province of Germany. German gov-t calls for passive resistance. Workers quit their jobs in occupied areas. Jan. 11, 1923 – France and Belgium declare war on Germany without consulting the League of Nations and occupy Ruhr province of Germany. German gov-t calls for passive resistance. Workers quit their jobs in occupied areas – hyperinflation in Germany, Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria. Jan. 2 -$1=7260DM. Nov. 15 $1=4,200,000,000,000 DM. Results – Right wing coup in BG in June, a workers-peasant revolt in BG in September, Beer Putsch in November, revolution in Turkey, right wing gov-t in Hungary – hyperinflation in Germany, Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria. Jan. 2 -$1=7260DM. Nov. 15 $1=4,200,000,000,000 DM. Results – Right wing coup in BG in June, a workers-peasant revolt in BG in September, Beer Putsch in November, revolution in Turkey, right wing gov-t in Hungary. Dawes plan (1924) and Treaty of Locarno (1925) Dawes plan (1924) and Treaty of Locarno (1925)