Erik Erikson Psychosocial Stages BY Lexi Altman and Chad Konik

Erik Erikson ●Ego Psychologist ●Developed 8 stages of Psychosocial development. ●Stressed the emotional dynamics of social development. ●Born 1902 Frankfurt, Germany

Erikson Early life ●Born to Danish parents ●Father left before he was born ●Mother remarried a German-Jewish pediatrician ●Mocked by non-Jews for his features and his faith

Sue Erikson (Daughter) Kai T. Erikson (Son) Erikson’s Children

Erikson Professional life ●Studied the work of Michelangelo in Rome ●No formal degree in Psychology ●Taught at Harvard and Yale ●Worked with Sioux and Yurok Native American groups

Psychosocial Development ●The need for social approval is just as important as a child’s sexual and aggressive urges. ●Childhood experiences have a lasting impact. ●If a child isn’t used to having a parent stay in their life, that child could carry those abandonment issues with them and develop insecurities. ●Secure-positive and emotional bond; upset by mothers absence. ●Insecure- tendency to avoid reunion w/ parent or caregiver, Desire to be with parent or caregiver and some resistance to being reunited with mom.

Erikson stages of psychosocial development ●Stage 1: Basic trust vs. Basic mistrust ●Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame ●Stage 3: Purpose initiative vs. Guilt ●Stage 4: Competence, Industry vs. Inferiority ●Stage 5: Fidelity, Identity vs. Role confusion ●Stage 6: Intimacy vs. Isolation ●Stage 7: Generativity vs. Stagnative ●Stage 8: Ego, Integrity vs. Despair

Stage 1: Basic trust vs. Basic mistrust ●Infancy 0 to 1 1/2 ●Hope ●How you treat your infant. If you give it the stuff that they need like food, water, shelter then itll think the world is a good place ●if you don't give the infant the right stuff it'll grow up with a bad view upon the world. ●Childhood experiences have long lasting impacts ●Ainsworth-Emotional Attachment Trust V. Mistrust

Stage 2: Autonomy Vs. Shame ●Ages: 1-3 years ●Discovering one's own abilities ●Asserting independence ●Children encouraged in their increase in independence become more confident ●Children criticized, overly controlled begin to feel inadequate and depend on others Trust V. Mistrust Autonomy V. Shame

Stage 3: Initiative Vs. Guilt ●Ages: 3-6 years ●Rapid development years ●Asking questions ●If the parents treat the child's questioning as a nuisance, they feel guilt ●Too much guilt can result in the child being slow in interacting with others ●Some guilt is necessary to teach self-control Trust V. Mistrust Autonomy V. Shame Initiative V. Guilt

Stage 4: Competence, industry vs. inferiority ●School age (5-12) ●The child now feels like he needs to win approval ●If you make him feel approved then he’ll feel good about himself and get confidence ●If you make him feel not approved then he’ll doubt everything he does. Trust V. Mistrust Autonomy V. Shame Initiative V. Guilt industry vs. inferiority

Stage 5 Fidelity, identity vs. role confusion ●Age (12-18) ●Major stage where the child has to occupy the roles as adults ●They form their own identity ●They could become confused on their role ●Identity formation vs. Identity confusion Autonomy V. Shame Initiative V. Guilt industry vs. inferiority Trust v. Mistrust Identity V. Role

Stage 6: Intimacy vs. Isolation ●Struggle to form relationships ●Struggle to gain capacity for intimacy ●If not successful, can result in feeling socially isolated. Autonomy V. Shame Initiative V. Guilt industry vs. inferiority Trust v. Mistrust Identity V. Role Intimacy v isolation

Stage 7: Generativity Vs.Stagnation ●Ages:Middle adult ●Career, settle down in relationships, family, bigger picture ●Give back to society by raising children, productive at work, involved in community ●Failure=Unproductive and stagnant Autonomy V. Shame Initiative V. Guilt industry vs. inferiority Trust v. Mistrust Identity V. Role Intimacy V Isolation Generativity V. Stagnation

Stage 8: Ego Integrity Vs. despair ●Ages: Older adult ●Senior citizens, slow productivity ●Contemplate accomplishments ●Success=Wisdom ●Wisdom-able to look back with a sense of closure and completeness ●Except death without fear Autonomy V. Shame Initiative V. Guilt industry vs. inferiority Trust v. Mistrust Identity V. Role Generativity V. Stagnation Ego Integrity V. Despair

Erik Erikson Mary Ainsworth

T_O6s

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