The Scientific Revolution. Before 1500, few questioned the Bible and Greek philosopher Aristotle What was true and false about the universe came from.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Scientific Revolution. The Philosophical Medieval View Aristotle & Ptolemy from Greece supported the Aristotle & Ptolemy from Greece supported the.
Advertisements

The Enlightenment Transition from the Scientific Revolution to new ideas in Philosophy, Art, Economics,& Government.
THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT
Enlightenment/Monarchs
WHB- Exam Review.
Answer the following honestly How does the government (local or national) impact your daily life in a positive way? In a negative way? – Try to think of.
The Enlightenment Chapter 10, Section 2.
The Enlightenment A New Way of Thinking. I. The Enlightenment A. A time when the use of reason (logical thinking) and science were applied to political,
-The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment-
The Enlightenment & Scientific Revolution AP World History.
SCIENCE AND ENLIGHTENMENT Warm Up: Write down your abc’s. Now write something related to the Scientific Revolution or Enlightenment that starts with as.
WORLD HISTORY: SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND ENLIGHTENMENT Jeopardy Version Watch out Alex Trebek…
The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment Toward a New Worldview.
French Absolutism, Enlightenment, & Revolution!
2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt Government Enlightenment in Science.
Scientific Revolution & The Age of Enlightenment “THE AGE OF REASON” Mr. Violanti / Mrs. Verni Fall, 2015.
The Scientific Revolution. Before 1500, few questioned the Bible and Greek philosophers Aristotle & Ptolemy… What was true and false about the universe.
The Enlightenment Main Idea Essential Questions
The Scientific Revolution and The Enlightenment A new way of thinking!
The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment Focuses on the far-reaching changes in life in Western Europe brought about by the Scientific.
The Scientific Revolution paves the way for the Enlightenment.
The Enlightenment The era known historically as the Enlightenment marks the intellectual beginning of the modern world. Ideas originating in this era would.
The Enlightenment: A New Way of Thinking I. Definition: A time when the use of reason (logical thinking) and scientific principles were applied to political,
“The Age of Reason”. 1. Baron de Montesquieu: Created idea of separation of powers in government. 2. Enlightened Despot: A Monarch who believed in the.
9/4 Focus: The Scientific Revolution inspired intellectuals to apply reason to the study not only of science but also of human society Do Now: Identify.
The Enlightenment 1689 to The Enlightenment Applied reason to the human world, not just the natural world Stimulated religious tolerance Fueled.
Scientific Revolution & The Age of Enlightenment “THE AGE OF REASON” Mr. Violanti / Mrs. Verni Fall, 2015.
The Enlightenment Europe (a.k.a. the Age of Reason)
The Age of Reason The Age of Enlightenment. Enlightenment Applied REASON to the study of the natural world Used reason to solve problems Human behavior.
Revolutions in Scientific and Political Thought
The Scientific Revolution. The Philosophical Medieval View Aristotle & Ptolemy from Greece supported the Aristotle & Ptolemy from Greece supported the.
INFLUENCE OF THE ENLIGHTEMENT
Enlightenment and Revolution, Ch. 6 World History Vocabulary.
HRBS- Global History Repeater– Mr. Oberhaus Unit 5 Section 1: Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Aim: How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the.
Enlightenment and Revolution Chapter 18. The Scientific Revolution The Geocentric Theory The Geocentric Theory Established by Ptolemy Established by Ptolemy.
Scientific Revolution & Age of Enlightenment ( )
The Enlightenment & Scientific Revolution Cy- Ranch World History.
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment 1600-late 1700s.
Scientific Revolution & Enlightenment Lesson #7 p
A New World View  Questioning of Old Knowledge and Assumptions  Gradual Replacement of Religious Presumptions  Gradual Rise of Science and Reason.
Twenty Questions Enlightenment and Revolution Chapter 6.
THE ENLIGHTENMENT SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION TRANSITION FROM THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION TO NEW IDEAS IN PHILOSOPHY, ART, ECONOMICS,& GOVERNMENT.
The Enlightenment. What was it? Influenced by Scientific Revolution New way of looking at the world Applied idea of natural laws to society and government.
“SOUNDS” FROM SPACE
The Scientific Revolution and The Enlightenment
Final Exam Review Modern World History.
ENLIGHTENMENT THE AGE OF REASON.
The Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution
Agenda Warm-Ups: Reading + Chart Notes
The Enlightenment The Age of Reason.
French Absolutism, Enlightenment, & Revolution!
Enlightenment and Revolution, 1550–1789
The Scientific Revolution
ENLIGHTENMENT THE AGE OF REASON.
French Absolutism, Enlightenment, & Revolution!
French Absolutism, Enlightenment, & Revolution!
The Scientific Revolution
Warm Up March 28 The heliocentric theory was proposed by
The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment:
The Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution
The Enlightenment --- Age of Reason
Enlightenment and Revolution
Do Now: Go on Google classroom, write the two thesis statements for the two prompts. After you are finished, turn in the document. You have 25 minutes,
French Absolutism, Enlightenment, & Revolution!
The Scientific Revolution
INFLUENCE OF THE ENLIGHTEMENT
The Scientific Revolution
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
Presentation transcript:

The Scientific Revolution

Before 1500, few questioned the Bible and Greek philosopher Aristotle What was true and false about the universe came from these sources

The Medieval View Earth was an unmoving object located at the center of the universe- the sun and planets moved around the Earth Earth was an unmoving object located at the center of the universe- the sun and planets moved around the Earth (sun rising and setting seemed to support this view) Aristotle & Ptolemy from Greece supported geocentric theory – earth-centered universe Aristotle & Ptolemy from Greece supported geocentric theory – earth-centered universe Religion guided views too: Christianity taught that God had placed Earth at the center of the universe Religion guided views too: Christianity taught that God had placed Earth at the center of the universe

Geocentric Theory

Nicolaus Copernicus ( ) Sun-centered universe – heliocentric theory Sun-centered universe – heliocentric theory Earth is no different than any other planet Earth is no different than any other planet On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (1543) On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres (1543)

Johannes Kepler ( ) Pushes use of experiments and observations Pushes use of experiments and observations Planetary movement is a mathematical formula Planetary movement is a mathematical formula Planets move around the Sun in elliptical orbits NOT circles Planets move around the Sun in elliptical orbits NOT circles Confirms Copernicus ideas Confirms Copernicus ideas

Galileo Galilei ( ) GALILEO – designs 1 st telescope w/lens & sees movement of the stars & moons (similar to the movement of the planets) GALILEO – designs 1 st telescope w/lens & sees movement of the stars & moons (similar to the movement of the planets) Church believes heavens are fixed, unmoving and the earth of central  they are furious w/Galileo! Church believes heavens are fixed, unmoving and the earth of central  they are furious w/Galileo! Galileo is accused of heresy (crimes against Church)  1633 brought to trial before Catholic Inquisition & he recants his statements Galileo is accused of heresy (crimes against Church)  1633 brought to trial before Catholic Inquisition & he recants his statements Brainpop

Isaac Newton ( ) Universal law of motion- every object in the universe attracts every other object Universal law of motion- every object in the universe attracts every other object Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (1687) - Explained gravity Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (1687) - Explained gravity Universe is a giant clock- all parts work together but God set clock in motion Universe is a giant clock- all parts work together but God set clock in motion

William Harvey ( ) Harvey Published On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals (1628) Published On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals (1628) Showed that heart acted as a pump to circulate blood throughout body Showed that heart acted as a pump to circulate blood throughout body

The Enlightenment --- Age of Reason Movie Clip Movie Clip

What was it? Emerged out of the Scientific Revolution and ended in the French Revolution Emerged out of the Scientific Revolution and ended in the French Revolution Spokesmen = Rising Middle Class Spokesmen = Rising Middle Class Paris = Center of Enlightenment Paris = Center of Enlightenment Search for new laws/ways to govern humans Search for new laws/ways to govern humans

Key Ideas Distrust of Tradition and Religion Distrust of Tradition and Religion Scientific method could be applied to society as well Scientific method could be applied to society as well Man is naturally good Man is naturally good

The World of the Old Regime Built on tradition Built on tradition World of hierarchy, privilege and inequality World of hierarchy, privilege and inequality Allied with the Church Allied with the Church Challenged by supporters of the Enlightenment Challenged by supporters of the Enlightenment

Conflict with the Capitalistic Middle Class Size and increasing power of the Middle Class Size and increasing power of the Middle Class New notion of wealth w/mercantilism New notion of wealth w/mercantilism Tension and discord created by the Middle Class Tension and discord created by the Middle Class

The Philosophes (Philosophers) 18 th century French intellectuals 18 th century French intellectuals Truth through reason Truth through reason Natural laws – natural is good and reasonable Natural laws – natural is good and reasonable Happiness – belief in natural laws leads to happiness Happiness – belief in natural laws leads to happiness Progress – for society (can be perfected) Progress – for society (can be perfected) Liberties – people should be free Liberties – people should be free

The Problem of Censorship The attempt of the Old Regime to control new thinking The attempt of the Old Regime to control new thinking Publishers and writers hounded by censors Publishers and writers hounded by censors Over 1000 booksellers and authors imprisoned in the Bastille in the early 1700’s Over 1000 booksellers and authors imprisoned in the Bastille in the early 1700’s

Famous Enlightenment Thinkers

Thomas Hobbes (1588 –1679) Wrote Leviathan (1651) Wrote Leviathan (1651) Convinced that all humans are wicked and evil Convinced that all humans are wicked and evil Humans exist in a primitive state and give consent to the government for self- protection Humans exist in a primitive state and give consent to the government for self- protection Belief: Absolute monarchies Belief: Absolute monarchies

John Locke ( ) People learn from experience People learn from experience Favored self-gov’t, people rule Favored self-gov’t, people rule Natural rights: life, liberty, property Natural rights: life, liberty, property gov’t protects these rights and if not, people overthrow gov’t gov’t protects these rights and if not, people overthrow gov’t Wrote Two Treaties on Government (1690) Wrote Two Treaties on Government (1690) Inspired American Revolution Inspired American Revolution

Francois Arouet Voltaire ( ) Wrote Candide Wrote Candide Govt. to protect people’s freedom & tolerance Govt. to protect people’s freedom & tolerance There should be separation of church and state There should be separation of church and state “Ecrasez l’infame” – “Crush the evil thing” “Ecrasez l’infame” – “Crush the evil thing”

Baron de Montesquieu ( ) The Spirit of the Laws (1748) The Spirit of the Laws (1748) “Power should be a check to power” – this is beginnings of separation of powers “Power should be a check to power” – this is beginnings of separation of powers Influence in the US – legislative, executive, judicial Influence in the US – legislative, executive, judicial

Jean-Jacques Rousseau ( ) Individual freedom Individual freedom “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” Belief: Direct democracy Belief: Direct democracy Wrote The Social Contract in which he stated that Gov’t is a contract b/w people and rulers Wrote The Social Contract in which he stated that Gov’t is a contract b/w people and rulers

The Role of the Salon – Spreading Ideas Wealthy women of Paris hosted social gatherings known as salons Wealthy women of Paris hosted social gatherings known as salons Philosophers, writers, artists, scientists gathered to share ideas Philosophers, writers, artists, scientists gathered to share ideas Madame Geoffrin – most influential salon hostess Madame Geoffrin – most influential salon hostess

Diderot’s Encyclopedia Encyclopedia (28 volumes) Encyclopedia (28 volumes) Collected articles regarding all topics: science, politics, economics, slavery, human rights, religion, etc. Collected articles regarding all topics: science, politics, economics, slavery, human rights, religion, etc. Critics were outraged & Pope threatened to excommunicate Catholics who read it! Critics were outraged & Pope threatened to excommunicate Catholics who read it! Translations helped spread enlightenment ideas across Europe Translations helped spread enlightenment ideas across Europe

Art and Literature Enlightenment is reflected in the arts – music, literature, painting, and architecture Enlightenment is reflected in the arts – music, literature, painting, and architecture Baroque – grand and ornate TO Baroque – grand and ornate TO Neoclassical – simple and elegant, Classical music – Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven Neoclassical – simple and elegant, Classical music – Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven Development of novels Development of novels

Enlightened Despotism Enlightened Despotism The manner of political reform – monarchs who embraced new ideas& reforms The manner of political reform – monarchs who embraced new ideas& reforms Frederick the Great of Prussia Frederick the Great of Prussia Catherine the Great of Russia Catherine the Great of Russia Joseph II of Austria Joseph II of Austria

Impact of Enlightenment Ideas led to people challenging long held ideas about society Ideas led to people challenging long held ideas about society Political philosophies of the Enlightenment inspired American and French revolutions in the 1800s Political philosophies of the Enlightenment inspired American and French revolutions in the 1800s